Principles of Justice and Fairness

Justice is considered the most crucial element of social institutions, just as truth is the most important aspect of intellectual systems.

Even a well-functioning society can't justify sacrificing individual freedoms for the overall good.

Justice guarantees certain rights that can't be compromised through political deals or by balancing social interests.

The only justification for tolerating injustice is when it's absolutely necessary to prevent an even greater injustice.

The idea of justice is like an ideal, a standard we strive for, even if we don't always achieve it fully.

A society where individuals recognize and follow rules of conduct to advance the common good.

When members of a society share an understanding of what is just and unjust, and the social institutions uphold these principles.

The set of principles used to determine the fair distribution of benefits and burdens in a society.

The conflict that arises when individuals have different preferences regarding the distribution of the benefits of cooperation.

The ability to work together to achieve common goals.

A system of organizing and distributing the benefits and burdens of social cooperation.

A shared understanding of justice that serves as a basis for judging claims and resolving disagreements.

The role of the principles of justice is to determine the proper distribution of social benefits and burdens.

A disagreement about which principles should define the fundamental terms of social interaction.

A concept that embraces the general idea of fairness, while different conceptions of justice offer specific sets of principles.

The idea that when assigning rights and duties, no arbitrary distinctions should be made between individuals.

The need to balance competing claims to the benefits of social life.

The process of efficiently coordinating individuals' plans so they don't interfere with each other and can be successfully carried out.

The effectiveness and efficiency of social actions in achieving goals while adhering to principles of justice.

The stability of a society depends on people following its rules willingly and consistently.

The core subject of justice is the fundamental structure of society, encompassing how major institutions like the legal system, economy, and social arrangements allocate rights, duties, and opportunities.

The basic structure of society is the primary focus of justice because its impact is profound and constant, influencing individuals' life prospects from the very beginning.

Major social institutions, such as the legal system, economic markets, property rights, and family structures, are essential components of the basic structure of society.

The basic structure inherently creates inequalities in opportunities and life outcomes, mostly due to factors beyond individuals' control, such as birth circumstances and social contexts.

The principles of justice are primarily concerned with regulating the basic structure of society, including the distribution of rights, duties, and opportunities.

The concept of justice is not limited to how resources are distributed; it also encompasses the broader consequences of a conception of justice, including its impact on societal efficiency, cooperation, and stability.

A conception of justice is judged not only by how it allocates resources but also by its wider consequences, such as its effects on societal harmony and the well-being of individuals.

Strict compliance theory explores how a just society would function if everyone upheld its principles and acted fairly.

Partial compliance theory examines how to address and rectify injustice in a society where people don't always act fairly.

The principle of justice seeks to create a well-ordered society where individuals act fairly and uphold just institutions.

A well-ordered society is built on a foundation of justice that prioritizes individual rights and ensures that everyone has an equal chance to contribute and benefit from society's structure.

Justice is a virtue that requires careful consideration, vigilance, and a commitment to uphold fairness in all societal structures and interactions.

The concept of justice applies when deciding how to allocate resources, opportunities, and burdens, ensuring fairness and balance in the process.

The idea of a perfectly just society serves as the foundation for understanding more complex social issues.

The concept of 'basic structure' refers to the key institutions and features of a society, such as government, economy, and legal systems.

The concept of justice is about achieving a fair balance between competing claims and interests.

Justice is not the only virtue a society should strive for. Other virtues include efficiency, liberty, and even compassion.

A social ideal represents a complete vision of a society, encompassing all its virtues and their priorities.

Different conceptions of justice arise from contrasting views on how society should operate and the role of individuals.

Justice is primarily concerned with the distribution of rights, duties, and advantages within a society.

Aristotle’s view of justice emphasizes preventing individuals from unjustly gaining advantages at the expense of others.

Aristotle's definition of justice assumes that society establishes clear rules and expectations about what belongs to individuals.

The theory of justice presented aims to modernize and abstract the ideas of social contracts found in Locke, Rousseau, and Kant.

The original social contract is not about joining a specific society, but rather about agreeing to principles of justice.

The theory of justice proposed focuses on a set of principles to guide the distribution of rights and responsibilities within a society.

This justice theory aims to provide a framework for addressing the fundamental issues of fairness and distribution in a society.

This theory argues that any sound ethical framework must include principles for addressing the question of justice.

Principles of justice guide how society is structured. These principles are what free and rational people would agree on if they were all equal, to define the foundation of their association.

A hypothetical situation where people are unaware of their social status, abilities, or personal values, ensuring fairness in choosing principles of justice.

The original position is like a state of nature, but it's hypothetical and designed to lead to a conception of justice.

The veil of ignorance prevents people from favoring their own interests when choosing principles of justice, ensuring fairness.

The principles of justice are agreed upon in the original position, where everyone is equal, making them fair and just.

The principles of justice agreed upon in the original position define what is fair in all other agreements, including government and social cooperation.

The principles of justice regulate social cooperation, defining the terms of agreements and the type of government we can establish.

In the original position, people are considered rational beings with a sense of justice, focused on their own interests and well-being.

The original position represents a fair starting point because everyone is equally unaware of their advantages or disadvantages.

The principles of justice are chosen in advance, before knowing individual circumstances, ensuring that everyone is treated fairly.

The original agreement on justice is hypothetical, meaning it's not an actual historical event, but a thought experiment.

The principles of justice should be used to guide all further decisions about the structure of society, including constitution and laws.

If a society's institutions are built according to the principles of justice, then those involved in the society can say they are cooperating fairly.

The original position is a thought experiment where everyone is equal and rational, striving to reach a consensus on just principles.

The original position is the basis for justice as fairness, where individuals would agree on principles of justice regardless of their own circumstances.

The capacity to understand and act upon moral principles is what makes someone a subject of justice. This means individuals have the potential to be held accountable for their actions and are deserving of fair treatment.

Even if someone genuinely lacks the capacity for moral reasoning, it's not okay to deny them justice. Refusing justice based on this would be dangerous, as it could hurt the foundation of fair systems.

The requirement for equal justice is not rigid. Even minor capacity for understanding moral concepts is enough. This capacity is inherent in all humans, apart from rare exceptions.

Principles of justice that would be chosen by rational and mutually disinterested individuals in the original position, ensuring fairness and equality for all.

A principle of justice that states everyone should have equal basic rights and liberties, regardless of their social standing or natural abilities.

A principle of justice that allows for inequalities in wealth and social position, but only if they benefit the least advantaged members of society.

The idea that the principles of justice should be founded on principles that people would agree to if they were in a fair and impartial setting.

The idea that principles of justice should focus on basic social structures and institutions that influence individual opportunities and well-being.

The process of determining which principles of justice would be chosen in the original position, taking into account the context and choices involved.

The belief that the best society maximizes the overall happiness or well-being of its members.

A theory of justice that holds that social cooperation is essential for a flourishing life and that individuals should seek mutual benefit through a just system of distribution.

The belief that individuals should have the right to pursue their own conception of the good life without undue restrictions.

The idea that social institutions should be designed to promote the fair distribution of opportunities and benefits within a society.

The idea that principles of justice should be chosen by individuals who are rational, self-interested, and equally concerned with their own well-being.

The idea that everyone is entitled to equal moral consideration and respect, regardless of their social position or individual characteristics.

The idea that individuals should not be unfairly disadvantaged due to factors beyond their control, such as their natural talents or social circumstances.

The process of determining which principles of justice would be chosen by rational individuals in the original position.

A principle that emphasizes the importance of ensuring that everyone has a sufficient level of well-being or resources to live a decent life.

A theory of justice that focuses on achieving a perfect or ideal state of society, often based on a particular set of values or moral principles.

The recognition that the contractarian method, while useful for understanding ethical theories, may not fully encompass all moral relationships.

The understanding that principles of justice, if they are to be accepted, should be widely known and understood by society.

The idea that principles of justice should reflect the common good and not just serve special interests.

A more comprehensive ethical system that would cover all virtues, not just justice.

The notion that principles of justice should be compatible with individuals' ability to live together harmoniously and cooperatively.

The recognition that social cooperation can lead to greater benefits for individuals, but these benefits need to be distributed fairly.

The understanding that different conceptions of justice can arise depending on the specific circumstances and interpretations of the original position.

Principles of justice that govern the distribution of the benefits and burdens of social cooperation, ensuring a fair outcome for all individuals.

Rights, liberties, opportunities, income, and wealth, which are influenced by the basic structure of society.

Goods like health, intelligence, and creativity, mostly determined by individual factors, but indirectly affected by society.

A hypothetical scenario where everyone has equal rights, duties, income, and wealth, serving as a basis for comparison.

The idea that even if inequalities make everyone better off than in a perfectly equal state, they're still acceptable.

The concept that some fundamental liberties cannot be traded for social or economic gains, even if it seems beneficial.

Principles of justice that prioritize certain rights and liberties above all else, except in unusual circumstances.

The idea that the most extensive liberties should apply equally to everyone, with limitations only when they clash.

The principle that social and economic inequalities are acceptable only if they benefit the least advantaged.

A way to represent how people in different social positions experience the consequences of the basic structure of society.

The principles of justice are applied to institutions, not to specific individuals or actions.

The concept that any allowable inequality in the basic structure must actually be beneficial for each representative individual within the system.

The principle that the disadvantages of some groups cannot be outweighed by the advantages of others, particularly when it comes to liberties.

A process where principles of justice are continually adjusted based on our considered judgments and real-world situations, creating a state of coherence between theoretical principles and practical convictions.

The idea that principles of justice should be chosen in a way that would be agreed upon by rational and self-interested individuals in the original position.

Principles that determine the fair distribution of social benefits and burdens, such as rights, opportunities, and resources.

The conflict that arises when individuals have different preferences regarding the distribution of the benefits of cooperation.

The ability of individuals to work together to achieve common goals.

The system of organizing and distributing the benefits and burdens of social cooperation, such as laws, institutions, and social norms.

A shared understanding of justice that serves as a basis for judging claims and resolving disagreements.

The need to balance competing claims to the benefits of social life, ensuring that no one is unfairly disadvantaged.

The idea that when assigning rights and duties, no arbitrary distinctions should be made between individuals, ensuring equal treatment.

The effectiveness and efficiency of social actions in achieving desired goals while adhering to principles of justice.

The process of coordinating individuals' plans so they don't interfere with each other and can be successfully carried out.

The stability of a society depends on its members following its rules willingly and consistently, and embracing the principles of justice.

The assumption that everyone in the original position has equal rights and abilities to participate in the process of choosing principles of justice.

The process of testing whether proposed principles of justice align with our deeply held beliefs about fairness and morality.

The process of modifying the original position or revising our own convictions about justice when there's a mismatch between the two.

The idea that principles of justice should be chosen based on widely accepted presumptions and arguments.

The process of refining the original position by introducing additional reasonable assumptions and testing their impact on the chosen principles.

The possibility that the principles of justice chosen in the original position might not perfectly match all our current beliefs about fairness.

The ability of principles of justice to address our firmest convictions about fairness and provide guidance in ambiguous situations.

The process of reviewing our own judgments about justice, especially those we hold firmly, in light of the principles derived from the original position.

The aim of the original position is to find principles that rational individuals would agree to when no one is unfairly advantaged or disadvantaged.

The original position seeks to establish principles of justice that are robust enough to rank and compare different conceptions of social justice.

The chosen principles of justice should be based on reasoning and impartial considerations, not on personal biases or self-interest.

The original position provides a framework for thinking about justice that emphasizes fairness and equality, encouraging us to consider the needs and perspectives of everyone in society.

The idea that everyone should have an equal right to basic liberties, like freedom of speech and assembly, as long as it doesn't infringe on the same rights of others.

This principle deals with social and economic inequalities, ensuring that they benefit everyone and are accessible to all.

Basic rights and freedoms that are considered essential and cannot be compromised, even for greater economic or social benefits.

This concept refers to the distribution of income and wealth, and the structures of authority and responsibility in society.

The concept that positions of influence and power should be open to everyone, based on merit and ability, ensuring equal opportunities for all.

When inequalities are structured in a way that benefits everyone in society, not just the privileged few.

The prioritization of the First Principle over the Second Principle, meaning that basic liberties cannot be sacrificed for economic gains.

The idea that the basic structure of society should distribute primary goods, which are things that everyone needs and wants.

Injustice occurs when inequalities exist without benefiting everyone in society. It's a situation where some individuals are unfairly disadvantaged.

Things that people value and want, such as liberty, opportunity, income, wealth, and respect.

A just society is one where everyone has an equal right to the most extensive basic liberties compatible with similar liberties for others. It also aims to ensure that social and economic inequalities benefit everyone and are accessible to all.

The focus of justice is to regulate the fundamental framework of society, ensuring that it fosters fairness and just outcomes, rather than solely focusing on specific actions or individual interactions.

Equality in the administration of institutions involves applying rules impartially, treating similar cases similarly, and ensuring consistency in interpretation.

The most challenging concept of equality, where principles of justice dictate the distribution of basic rights and opportunities to all individuals.

The concept of justice extends beyond just allocating resources; it also considers the broader consequences of a chosen conception of justice, such as its impact on societal efficiency, cooperation, and stability.

The concept of justice is not just a theoretical idea; it's a virtue that requires constant vigilance, careful thought, and a commitment to upholding fairness in all aspects of societal life.

The principle of efficiency, applied to the basic structure of society. It means that it's impossible to improve someone's situation without making someone else worse off.

A social system where everyone has equal opportunity to succeed based on their abilities and efforts. It emphasizes meritocracy and equal access to opportunities.

A social system where individuals only receive what they earn through their own efforts. It prioritizes individual responsibility and minimal government intervention.

A social system that prioritizes equal opportunity for all, regardless of background or social status, through measures like affirmative action and educational support.

A social system that focuses on ensuring equal outcomes for everyone, even if it requires interventions like wealth redistribution and social programs.

The idea that social institutions should promote efficiency, meaning they should maximize the benefits for society as a whole without making anyone worse off.

The concept of a just society where everyone has an equal opportunity to succeed based on their talents and efforts. It's a meritocratic system with open access to opportunities.

The concept of a just society where everyone has an equal starting point to compete, regardless of their social background or circumstances.

The concept of a just society striving for equal outcomes for all individuals, regardless of their talents or efforts.

The idea that social institutions should be open and accessible to everyone, allowing for equal participation and the pursuit of goals.

A system of social institutions that aims to create just and fair outcomes for everyone, ensuring that everyone has a fair chance at a good life. It encompasses equality of opportunity and outcomes.

The process of deciding how benefits and burdens should be distributed in a society. It involves determining what is fair and just in terms of resources, opportunities, and rights.

The idea that justice is a core principle that guides the design and operation of social institutions. This principle ensures that these institutions work fairly and promote equality for all.

The principle that prioritizes the well-being of the least advantaged members of society, aiming to improve their situation without harming the overall efficiency of the system.