18 Questions
What do parties concerned with fairness strive to establish in their procedures?
Rules of a game that ensure people receive their 'fair share' of benefits and burdens.
How do principles of justice and fairness influence the concept of social justice?
They determine the way in which various types of justice are carried out, ensuring fair rules and fair play.
What role do principles of distributive justice play in determining fairness?
They determine what counts as a 'fair share' of particular goods.
Why do people invoke principles of justice and fairness in evaluating institutions?
Because they want institutions to treat them fairly and operate according to fair rules.
What is the significance of 'fair play' in the context of social justice?
It ensures that people adhere to the rules and principles of justice, promoting social justice.
How do principles of justice and fairness address social inequality?
By promoting fair rules and fair treatment, they aim to reduce social inequality and promote egalitarianism.
What is the broader sense of justice, according to the text?
Action in accordance with the requirements of some law.
What is the narrower sense of justice, as described in the text?
Fairness, which is action that pays due regard to the proper interests, property, and safety of one's fellows.
What are the different perspectives on the origin of justice?
Some believe justice stems from God's will or command, while others believe it is inherent in nature or emerges from a consensus among humans.
What is the primary focus of distributive justice, as mentioned in the text?
The allocation of resources and benefits among individuals in a society.
How do egalitarian, capitalist, and socialist theories of justice differ, according to the text?
Egalitarian theories prioritize equality, capitalist theories emphasize individual freedom and market distribution, and socialist theories focus on collective ownership and equality.
What is the primary goal of inclusive growth, as mentioned in the context of taxation and the state's responsibilities?
To promote the common good and reduce social inequality.
What is the primary context in which the principles of equity, equality, and need are most relevant?
distributive justice
According to the principle of equity, what is the basis for a fair distribution of goods in an economic system?
input, typically in the form of productivity, ability or talent
What is the main tension between the principles of equity and equality?
The principle of equity suggests unequal treatment of unequals, while the principle of equality suggests equal treatment of all
What is the idea that fair treatment is a matter of giving people what they deserve, according to the principles of equity, equality, and need?
desert
What is the potential drawback of a distribution system based on the principle of equity?
It may not succeed in meeting the needs of all members of society
What is the principle of egalitarianism, according to the text?
The fairest allocation is one that distributes benefits and burdens equally among all parties
Study Notes
Nature of Justice and Fairness
- Justice and fairness are often framed in terms of "fair play" for social justice issues.
- Principles of justice and fairness determine how different types of justice are carried out.
- Distributive justice principles determine what constitutes a "fair share" of particular goods.
- Retributive or restorative justice principles shape our response to activity that violates a society's rules of "fair play."
Theories of Justice
- Egalitarian theory: suggests that the fairest allocation is one that distributes benefits and burdens equally among all parties.
- Capitalist theory: distributes goods in proportion to individual input, such as productivity or talent.
- Socialist theory: (not explicitly defined in the text, but implied as an alternative to egalitarian and capitalist theories)
Principles of Justice
- Principle of equity: distributes goods in proportion to individual input, such as productivity or talent.
- Principle of equality: suggests that the fairest allocation is one that distributes benefits and burdens equally among all parties.
- Principle of need: aims to meet the basic needs of all members of society.
Justice in Society
- Institutions should treat individuals fairly and operate according to fair rules.
- People often frame justice issues in terms of fairness and invoke principles of justice and fairness to explain their satisfaction or dissatisfaction with institutions.
- Social justice requires both fair rules and people playing by the rules.
Explore the principles of justice and fairness, and how they relate to social justice issues. Learn about the rules of 'fair play' and how they ensure people receive their fair share of benefits and burdens.
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