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Principles of Green Chemistry
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Principles of Green Chemistry

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Questions and Answers

What is the main goal of Green Chemistry?

  • To develop new toxic chemicals for industry
  • To reduce or eliminate hazardous substances in chemical products and processes (correct)
  • To promote the disposal of hazardous waste
  • To increase the use of toxic solvents in manufacturing

    • Which of the following is NOT an element of Green Chemistry?

  • Heavy metal catalysts (correct)
  • Green solvents
  • Biocatalysts
  • Ionic liquids

    • What are ionic liquids primarily composed of?

  • Metals and organic compounds
  • Water and salts
  • Gases and liquids
  • Cations and anions (correct)

    • Which principle does Green Chemistry emphasize regarding waste?

    <p>Minimize or eliminate waste generation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of biocatalysts in Green Chemistry?

    <p>To act as eco-friendly agents in chemical reactions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do green chemicals benefit the environment?

    <p>They degrade into non-toxic products or can be recovered.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is an example of a Non-conventional energy source in Green Chemistry?

    <p>Solar energy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is primarily used in the composition of room-temperature ionic liquids (RTILs)?

    <p>1-alkyl-3-methylimidazolium</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary goal of safer chemical synthesis?

    <p>To minimize toxicity while achieving desired functionality</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which method is NOT a part of solvent-free approaches in chemical synthesis?

    <p>Heating under high pressure with solvents</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do solvent-free reactions benefit chemical synthesis?

    <p>They simplify experimental procedures and reduce costs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is an example of a renewable raw material?

    <p>Bamboo</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Energy efficiency in chemical processes aims to minimize what?

    <p>Energy consumption and associated environmental impacts</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following options accurately defines auxiliaries in chemical processes?

    <p>They are necessary for the chemical reaction but do not contribute to the product's structure</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What benefit is associated with the use of renewable raw materials in chemical synthesis?

    <p>They have a nearly inexhaustible supply and can be restored quickly</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does energy-efficient technology like LED bulbs contribute to sustainability?

    <p>They produce the same amount of light using significantly less electricity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a primary benefit of using renewable raw materials in chemical processes?

    <p>They reduce the potential for hazardous waste production.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the principle of 'reduction of derivatives' emphasize?

    <p>Minimizing unnecessary derivatization processes to prevent waste.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is catalysis preferred over stoichiometric reagents in green chemistry?

    <p>Catalysts can be reused and reduce overall reagent use.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should chemicals be designed to do at the end of their functional use?

    <p>Decompose into harmless degradation products.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which principle encourages the real-time monitoring of analytical methods in chemistry?

    <p>Real-time analysis for pollution prevention.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How is atom economy measured in synthetic methods?

    <p>By determining the percentage of atoms incorporated into the final product.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary focus of the principle of accident prevention in green chemistry?

    <p>Minimizing potential incidents in chemical processes.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which practice is aligned with the prevention of waste principle in daily life?

    <p>Using reusable grocery bags and bottles.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of a catalyst in a chemical reaction?

    <p>It lowers the energy barrier of the reaction.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of catalyst is specifically known to be derived from biological sources?

    <p>Enzymes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What key feature makes linear alkylbenzene sulfonate (LAS) effective as a surfactant?

    <p>It has both a polar headgroup and a non-polar alkyl tail.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why does the branched version of a detergent fail to degrade as efficiently as the linear version?

    <p>Microbes cannot utilize the branched structure for energy.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the context of green chemistry, why is catalysis considered beneficial?

    <p>It results in lower energy consumption and less waste.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common application of enzymes in bio-catalysis?

    <p>Production of alcohols during fermentation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which process allows microbes to break down the carbon chain in LAS?

    <p>Beta-oxidation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What can be said about the degradation products of chemical products designed with green chemistry principles?

    <p>They should break down into harmless substances.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why have branched detergents been phased out in most developed countries?

    <p>They are too persistent and do not biodegrade.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one of the key advantages of using microwave-assisted synthesis?

    <p>It reduces the heating time significantly.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a major limitation of microwave-assisted synthesis?

    <p>It does not allow reagent addition during the reaction.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT listed as a key action in accident prevention?

    <p>Install automatic door locks.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one method mentioned for pollution prevention through analytical methodologies?

    <p>Real-time monitoring and control before hazardous substances form.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What frequency range defines microwaves?

    <p>100 MHz to 300 GHz.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What outcome can be achieved by using microwave heating compared to conventional heating?

    <p>Significantly reduced reaction time.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is an application of non-conventional energy sources?

    <p>Ultrasonic assisted synthesis.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Green Chemistry

    • Definition: Design of chemical products/processes to reduce or eliminate hazardous substances.
    • Sustainability: Also known as sustainable chemistry, focusing on minimizing health and environmental risks.
    • Focus Areas: Encompasses the entire lifecycle of chemicals – from design to disposal.

    Principles of Green Chemistry

    • Prevention of Waste: Aim to avoid the creation of waste rather than treating it post-generation.
    • Atomic Economy: Methods designed to maximize the incorporation of all materials into final products, reducing molecular waste.
    • Safer Chemical Synthesis: Design products to achieve desired functions while minimizing toxicity.
    • Safer Chemicals Design: Prioritize chemical products that degrade into harmless materials post-use.
    • Use of Safer Solvents and Auxiliaries: Minimize auxiliary substances not directly contributing to reaction products.
    • Energy Efficiency: Recognize environmental impacts of energy usage and minimize energy requirements in processes.
    • Use of Renewable Raw Materials: Favor renewable resources that can be replenished quickly over nonrenewable materials.
    • Reduction of Derivatives: Avoid unnecessary derivatization that requires additional reagents.
    • Catalysis: Employ catalytic instead of stoichiometric reagents for reduced waste and enhanced efficiency.
    • Degradation Products Design: Create chemicals designed to decompose into non-toxic products.
    • Real-Time Analysis for Pollution Prevention: Employ analytical methods for monitoring processes to prevent hazardous substances.
    • Accidents Prevention: Select substances and usage methods to minimize risks of accidents like leaks or explosions.

    Ionic Liquids

    • Description: Salts that are liquids at or below 100°C, including room-temperature ionic liquids (RTILs).
    • Applications: Used in synthesis, analytical equipment, lithium-ion batteries, and as lubricants or coolants.

    Energy Sources in Green Chemistry

    • Non-Conventional Energy Applications: Utilize microwave, ultrasonic, electro-synthesis, and solar energy in synthesis.
    • Microwave Synthesis: Significantly reduces reaction times compared to conventional heating methods, enhancing yields and purity.

    Environmental Benefits

    • Decreased global warming potential, ozone depletion, and ecosystem disruption.
    • Reduced harmful impacts on plants and animals due to lower toxicity of chemicals used.

    Examples and Applications

    • Renewable Materials: Biomass, wood, and natural fibers (bamboo, cotton) that can regenerate quickly.
    • Types of Catalysts: Includes enzymes and acid-base catalysts to improve reaction efficiencies.

    Safety Considerations

    • Importance of constructing safe procedures and setting up emergency plans to handle potential accidents effectively.

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    Related Documents

    unit 3.pdf

    Description

    Explore the essential principles of green chemistry that aim to minimize health and environmental risks associated with chemical processes. This quiz covers topics such as prevention of waste, atomic economy, safer chemical synthesis, and energy efficiency, emphasizing sustainable practices in chemistry.

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