Green Chemistry Principles

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Questions and Answers

What is the principle of preventing waste in green chemistry?

  • Ignore waste
  • Design processes to prevent waste (correct)
  • Recycle waste
  • Design processes to treat waste

What should be considered when designing safer chemicals and products?

They should be fully effective yet have little or no toxicity.

What should be the focus when designing less hazardous chemical synthesis?

Use and generate substances with little or no toxicity to humans and the environment.

What is the principle behind using renewable raw materials?

<p>Starting materials should be derived from renewable resources such as plant material.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the advantage of using catalysts instead of stoichiometric reagents?

<p>Minimize waste by using small amounts of catalysts that can carry out a single reaction many times.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What should be avoided to minimise the potential for chemical derivatives?

<p>Using blocking or protecting groups or any temporary modifications.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is meant by maximizing atom economy?

<p>Designing syntheses so that the final product contains the maximum proportion of the starting materials.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why should safer solvents and reaction conditions be used?

<p>To avoid using toxic solvents to dissolve reactants or extract products.</p> Signup and view all the answers

How can energy efficiency be increased in chemical processes?

<p>By minimizing energy requirements and running reactions at room temperature and pressure whenever possible.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of designing for degradation?

<p>Chemical products should break down to harmless substances after use.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the benefit of analyzing in real time to prevent pollution?

<p>To include continuous monitoring and control during the process to minimize or eliminate the formation of by-products.</p> Signup and view all the answers

How can potential for accidents be minimized in chemistry?

<p>By designing chemicals and their forms to minimize the risks of explosions, fires, and releases into the environment.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Waste Prevention

Designing processes to avoid generating waste.

Safer Chemistry

Creating chemicals and products that are effective but have minimal toxicity.

Less Hazardous Synthesis

Prioritizing the use of non-toxic substances in chemical reactions.

Renewable Resources

Using raw materials that come from renewable sources, like plants.

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Catalysts

Using small amounts of catalysts to speed up reactions multiple times.

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Avoid Unnecessary Derivatives

Avoiding unnecessary steps or modifications in a chemical process.

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Atom Economy

Maximizing the amount of starting materials that end up in the final product.

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Safer Solvents and Conditions

Using safer solvents and reaction conditions to minimize toxic substances.

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Energy Efficiency

Minimizing energy use by running reactions at room temperature and pressure whenever possible.

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Design for Degradation

Designing products that break down into harmless substances after use.

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Real-Time Analysis

Continuous monitoring and control to prevent pollution during the process.

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Minimizing Accidents

Designing chemicals and processes to minimize the possibility of accidents.

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Study Notes

Preventing Waste

  • Design chemical processes to eliminate waste, focusing on prevention rather than remediation.

Designing Safer Chemicals and Products

  • Aim for chemical products that are effective yet carry minimal to no toxicity.

Less Hazardous Chemical Synthesis

  • Create methods that utilize substances with low toxicity to protect humans and the environment.

Use of Renewable Raw Materials

  • Source materials from renewable resources, such as plant-based materials, to support sustainability.

Catalysts Over Stoichiometric Reagents

  • Implement catalysts that can facilitate multiple reactions while being used in small quantities, thus reducing waste.

Avoiding Chemical Derivatives

  • Minimize the use of temporary modifications like blocking or protecting groups to reduce additional reagents and waste.

Maximizing Atom Economy

  • Ensure syntheses are structured so that the final product retains the highest possible proportion of initial materials, minimizing waste "atoms."

Safer Solvents and Reaction Conditions

  • Steer clear of toxic solvents for dissolving reactants or extracting products to enhance safety.

Energy Efficiency

  • Reduce energy consumption by performing reactions at room temperature and pressure whenever feasible.

Designing for Degradation

  • Create chemical products that can safely break down into non-toxic substances after usage to prevent environmental accumulation.

Real-Time Analysis for Pollution Prevention

  • Incorporate continuous monitoring during processes to minimize or eliminate unwanted by-products.

Minimizing Potential for Accidents

  • Design chemicals and their forms to reduce risks of accidents, including explosions, fires, or environmental releases.

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