Principles of Disease II: Cancer Genetics

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Questions and Answers

What type of genes regulate cell proliferation, differentiation, and survival?

  • Tumor suppressor genes
  • Genes that regulate apoptosis
  • Proto-oncogenes (correct)
  • Genes involved in DNA repair

What is the role of genes involved in DNA repair?

  • Maintaining genomic stability (correct)
  • Regulation of apoptosis
  • Promoting angiogenesis
  • Enhancing cellular metabolism

Which of the following is a hallmark of cancer?

  • Increased angiogenesis (correct)
  • Loss of cellular metabolism
  • Enhanced DNA repair
  • Programmed cell death

What is the result of oncogenes?

<p>uncontrolled proliferation of cells (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of tumor suppressor genes?

<p>Inhibiting cell growth (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is an example of an oncogene?

<p>HER2/NEU gene (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary characteristic of tumors?

<p>They arise from a single progenitor cell (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of an accumulation of mutations in carcinogenesis?

<p>A multistep process (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of tumor suppressor genes?

<p>To inhibit cell growth (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of apoptosis genes in cancer development?

<p>They regulate cell death (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of DNA repair genes in cancer development?

<p>To repair DNA damage (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the 'two-hit' theory related to?

<p>Tumor suppressor genes (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of RAS gene is often associated with melanoma and hematopoietic tumors?

<p>NRAS (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the normal function of the p53 protein?

<p>To maintain the integrity of the genome (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of activated p53?

<p>Temporary arrest of cell cycle at G1-S phase (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the requirement for RB gene inactivation in retinoblastoma?

<p>Two mutations involving both alleles of the suppressor gene (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which gene is associated with Burkitt lymphoma?

<p>MYC (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of N-MYC gene amplification?

<p>Neuroblastomas (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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