Preparation of Alkanes
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Questions and Answers

What is the primary bond responsible for reactivity in alkenes?

  • pi bond (correct)
  • covalent bond
  • sigma bond
  • ionic bond
  • What is the purpose of a catalyst in hydrogenation of alkenes?

  • To increase the rate of the reaction (correct)
  • To increase the pressure of hydrogen gas
  • To consume the hydrogen gas
  • To decrease the rate of the reaction
  • What is the result of hydrogenating an alkene under a slight pressure of hydrogen gas?

  • The alkene is converted into an alkyl halide
  • The alkene remains unchanged
  • The alkene is converted into a Grignard reagent
  • The alkene is converted into an alkane (correct)
  • What is the general formula of a Grignard reagent?

    <p>R-Mg-X</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of hydrolysis of a Grignard reagent?

    <p>To form an alkane and water</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for compounds in which one or more hydrogen atoms in an alkane have been replaced by halogen atoms?

    <p>Alkyl halide</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of halogen atoms in alkyl halides?

    <p>To replace one or more hydrogen atoms in the alkane</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the result of the reduction of an alkyl halide via the Grignard reagent or directly with metal and acid?

    <p>Replacement of a halogen atom with a hydrogen atom</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the general formula of a Grignard reagent?

    <p>RMgX</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the class of substances that the Grignard reagent belongs to?

    <p>Organometallic compounds</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the advantage of the hydrogenation of alkenes over the reduction of an alkyl halide?

    <p>Both higher yield and simpler reaction</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the outcome of the reaction between an alkyl halide and metallic magnesium?

    <p>Formation of a Grignard reagent</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the process of replacing a halogen atom with a hydrogen atom in an alkyl halide?

    <p>Reduction</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of using dry ethyl ether in the preparation of a Grignard reagent?

    <p>To provide a solvent for the reaction</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the effect of the electronegativity of carbon on the carbon-magnesium bond in a Grignard reagent?

    <p>The bonding pair of electrons is pulled towards the carbon</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the characteristic of organometallic reagents like Grignard reagents?

    <p>They are strong nucleophiles</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the result of the reaction between organolithium reagents and cuprous iodide?

    <p>A lithium diorganocopper reagent is formed</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for compounds with distinct regions of positive and negative charge?

    <p>Polar compounds</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the coupling of alkyl halides with organometallic compounds?

    <p>To form a bigger carbon skeleton</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the property of the carbon atom in a Grignard reagent?

    <p>It becomes slightly negatively charged</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the measure of the tendency of an atom to attract a bonding pair of electrons?

    <p>Electronegativity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the reaction between a lithium dialkyl copper and an alkyl halide used for?

    <p>To synthesize an alkane from two alkyl halides</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of adding cuprous halide to an alkyllithium?

    <p>To initiate the coupling reaction with an alkyl halide</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the type of substitution reaction that occurs in the Gilman Reagents Coupling reaction?

    <p>Nucleophilic aliphatic substitution</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the requirement for the alkyl halide R'X in the Gilman Reagents Coupling reaction?

    <p>It should be a primary halide</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of the alkyl group R in the lithium dialkyl copper?

    <p>It is transferred to the alkyl group R' with a pair of electrons</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the precursor to the lithium dialkyl copper in the Gilman Reagents Coupling reaction?

    <p>An alkyl lithium</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the result of the reaction between an alkyllithium and cuprous halide?

    <p>Formation of a lithium dialkyl copper</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the type of bond formed between the alkyl groups R and R' in the Gilman Reagents Coupling reaction?

    <p>A carbon-carbon bond</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the overall goal of the Gilman Reagents Coupling reaction?

    <p>To synthesize an alkane from two alkyl halides</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Organolithium reagents are formed by a reaction of lithium metal with an alkylhalide.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Gilman Reagents Coupling reaction is used to form carbon-oxygen bonds.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The alkyl group R in the organometallic can be primary, secondary, or tertiary.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The reaction between a lithium dialkyl copper and an alkyl halide is used to form carbon-hydrogen bonds.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The mechanism of the Gilman Reagents Coupling reaction is fully understood.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The alkyl group R is transferred from copper to the alkyl group R' in the Gilman Reagents Coupling reaction.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    R'X should be a secondary halide for good yields in the Gilman Reagents Coupling reaction.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The reaction between an alkyllithium and cuprous halide is the first step in the Gilman Reagents Coupling reaction.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The Gilman Reagents Coupling reaction is used to synthesize alkenes from alkyl halides.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The Gilman Reagents Coupling reaction involves a nucleophilic aliphatic substitution mechanism.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

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