Prenatal Development and Neonatal Period

Mental disorders result from a combination of predisposing vulnerabilities and environmental stressors.

Understanding mental illness by considering the interplay of biological, psychological, and social factors.

A disorder resulting from trauma, marked by re-experiencing, avoidance, negative thoughts/mood, and arousal.

PTSD from prolonged or repeated trauma, often abuse or violence.

Mental disorder marked by disorganized thoughts, emotions, and behaviours, including delusions and hallucinations.

Unique patterns of thoughts, feelings, and behaviors distinguishing one person from another.

Personality theory emphasizing unconscious drives and past experiences that influence behavior.

Psychological energy associated with basic human needs and desires (includes sexual energy).

A perspective on wellbeing that centers on understanding shared African values, beliefs, and worldviews, emphasizing relational aspects of wellbeing, and acknowledging the role of spirituality.

A framework for understanding wellbeing that takes into account several factors, including intellectual abilities, emotional skills, community involvement, physical health, and environmental considerations.

Children in poverty face higher risks of malnutrition, illness, injury, and responsibilities like heading households, often living in crowded conditions, with limited access to healthcare.

A feeling of being trapped in a situation with limited prospects, often stemming from social skills mismatches, and sometimes leading to resignation.

A vulnerability to economic shocks, due to the instability and unpredictability of life in poverty.

The ability to recover and adapt in the face of difficulties, even for those living in poverty, sometimes with strong support networks.

Importance of considering the cultural and environmental backgrounds when measuring wellbeing

Spirituality can provide meaning, support, and a sense of belonging in connection with a larger group and divine forces for South Africans.

A theory of personality development covering the entire life, with 8 age-graded stages of psychosocial development.

A theory proposing that human motivation is based on fulfilling basic needs before moving to more complex ones.

The body of knowledge and practices encompassing all psychological activities in Africa or related to it.

A distinctive approach to understanding psychology, grounded in and focused on African realities.

A type of African psychology that emphasizes the role of metaphysic, spiritual and cultural environment on human behavior.

A critical approach to psychology in Africa, focusing on power dynamics, historical context, and societal issues.

A field of study focusing on psychological processes within the context of African societies.

A field focused on understanding what makes life worth living, focusing on strengths and well-being.

A social process with material, relational, and subjective aspects influencing a person's state.

The pursuit of a fulfilling life through meaningful activities and growth.

Seeking pleasure as a goal in life.

The invasion and establishment of cultural control from a colonizing power to an indigenous population.

The act of invading and controlling a people.

A branch of psychology focusing on power, knowledge, and their effects, often employed to offer criticism or contest existing practices.