Premature Infants and General Anesthesia
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Premature Infants and General Anesthesia

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@CharismaticKunzite3256

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Questions and Answers

The primary variables controlling pulmonary ventilation in neonates are PaO2, PaCO2, and ______

pH

Neonates have reduced PaO2 compensated by greater ______ due to increased hemoglobin concentrations

oxygen-carrying capacity

Neonatal hemoglobin content is composed of 50% fetal hemoglobin, which has a left-shifted oxygen–dissociation curve compared to ______ hemoglobin

adult

Neonatal response to hypercapnia is not potentiated by ______, and hypoxia may depress the hypercapnic ventilatory response

<p>hypoxia</p> Signup and view all the answers

Preterm infants with ______ (hematocrit < 30%) are more prone to apnea

<p>anemia</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main risk factor for life-threatening apnea during general anesthesia in infants?

<p>Prematurity</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the relationship between gestational age and the risk of postanesthetic respiratory depression in infants?

<p>Inversely related</p> Signup and view all the answers

Up to how many weeks after conception may infants be at risk of apnea?

<p>60 weeks</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the composition of neonatal hemoglobin content at birth?

<p>100% fetal hemoglobin</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happens to the oxygen–dissociation curve during the first week of life in neonates?

<p>It shifts to the right</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the primary variables controlling pulmonary ventilation in neonates?

<p>PaO2, PaCO2, and pH</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of high concentrations of oxygen on neonatal respiration?

<p>Depresses it</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is neonatal apnea?

<p>Cessation of breathing with associated pathophysiology</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the cause of central apnea in neonates?

<p>Immaturity or depression of the respiratory drive</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the most common morbidity associated with anesthesia in neonates?

<p>Postoperative apnea</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the incidence of postoperative apnea related to in neonates?

<p>Both gestational age and PCA</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are common causes of postoperative apnea in neonates?

<p>Metabolic derangements and pharmacologic effects</p> Signup and view all the answers

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