Questions and Answers
What is prejudice?
An emotional bias that involves an evaluation of people based merely on their membership in a given group.
Is the following statement an example of prejudice: Lars has decided that he doesn't like immigrants despite never having a negative interaction with them?
Yes
What is a stereotype?
A generalized belief about a particular group of people.
What behavior did Bertram exhibit to demonstrate discrimination?
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Define discrimination.
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What are blatant biases?
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What does the term social dominance orientation refer to?
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Give an example of social dominance orientation.
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What does a high level of right-wing authoritarianism emphasize?
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Which of the following is not a belief prized by a person high in right-wing authoritarianism?
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What are subtle biases?
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Did Gerald demonstrate a subtle bias?
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What characterizes automatic biases?
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What does social identity theory explain?
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What is self-categorization theory?
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What is aversive racism?
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How many different types of stereotypes are identified in the Stereotype Content Model?
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What is an envious stereotype?
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What kind of stereotype does Krista experience during her interview?
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What kind of emotional prejudice results from developing a contemptuous stereotype?
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Study Notes
Prejudice
- Defined as an emotional bias evaluating individuals based on group membership.
- Example: Lars dislikes immigrants based on societal messages, despite no personal negative interactions.
Stereotyping
- Stereotypes simplify and categorize groups, often based on perceived traits.
- Example: The belief that "all Jewish people are good with money" exemplifies a stereotype.
Discrimination
- Behavior that favors or disadvantages a person based on group membership.
- Example: Bertram, a taxi driver, discriminates by not picking up casually dressed people, believing they are poorer tippers.
Blatant Biases
- Conscious negative attitudes and behaviors towards out-groups, favoring one's own group.
- Typically expressed overtly, showcasing hostility.
Social Dominance Orientation
- Belief that social hierarchies are natural and beneficial for societal order.
- Example: Louis's refusal to accept a Latino family into his neighborhood reflects social dominance orientation.
Right-Wing Authoritarianism
- Emphasizes loyalty to authority and conformity within social groups.
- Individuals high in this trait are resistant to outsiders, believing in strong in-group loyalty.
Subtle Biases
- Automatic, ambivalent, and ambiguous biases with significant real-world impact.
- Example: Gerald's unexpressed belief about Asian drivers demonstrates a subtle bias.
Automatic Biases
- Unconscious and immediate reactions influenced by societal stereotypes.
Social Identity Theory
- Suggests that individuals derive part of their identity from group memberships, leading to in-group favoritism.
- Example: Belief among Barcelona residents that their football team is superior to Madrid’s.
Self-Categorization Theory
- Built on social identity theory, emphasizing personal group identification, leading to favoritism towards one's group.
Aversive Racism
- Individuals denying personal racism while still displaying implicit biases or avoidance.
- Example: Aaron claims not to be racist but avoids people of color.
Stereotype Content Model
- Identifies four stereotype types based on warmth and competence.
Types of Stereotypes
- Envious Stereotype: High competence, low warmth.
- Admiration: High competence and warmth; seen when Krista views a competent CEO positively.
- Contemptuous Stereotype: Produces feelings of disgust towards individuals perceived as low in competence and warmth.
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Description
Explore the concepts of prejudice, discrimination, and stereotyping through engaging flashcards. Each card presents definitions and examples to enhance understanding of these important social issues.