Pregnancy Complications: Morning Sickness vs. Hyperemesis

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Questions and Answers

What characterizes morning sickness?

Mild and self-limiting with no complications. (correct)
Severe intractable nausea and vomiting.
Occurs only in the first trimester.
Always accompanied by weight loss.

What percentage of pregnant women may experience hyperemesis gravidarum?

5 to 7 %
Up to 30 %
0.3 to 2 % (correct)
10 to 15 %

Which of the following is NOT a potential adverse outcome of hyperemesis gravidarum?

Hyperglycemia (correct)
Preterm labor
Wernick's encephalopathy
Low birth weight

Which investigation is essential for diagnosing hyperemesis gravidarum?

<p>CBC and blood urea levels (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a common treatment for hyperemesis gravidarum?

<p>Fluid replacement with normal saline (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Morning Sickness

The most common type of nausea and vomiting in pregnancy, affecting 70% to 80% of pregnant women. It is usually mild and manageable with no serious complications.

Hyperemesis Gravidarum

A severe and persistent form of nausea and vomiting that causes complications such as electrolyte imbalances, malnutrition, and can lead to adverse pregnancy outcomes.

Fluid and Electrolyte Imbalance

A possible outcome of Hyperemesis Gravidarum that affects fluid and electrolyte balance, leading to dehydration, metabolic issues, and potential health risks.

Adverse Pregnancy Outcome

A serious complication associated with Hyperemesis Gravidarum that may lead to preterm birth, low birth weight, and other fetal complications.

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Wernicke's Encephalopathy

A potential complication of Hyperemesis Gravidarum that may involve neurological dysfunction due to thiamine deficiency.

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Study Notes

Morning Sickness

Characterized by nausea and vomiting without complications
Affects 70-80% of pregnant women
Not solely limited to the first trimester
Usually mild and resolves spontaneously

Hyperemesis Gravidarum

Severe, persistent nausea and vomiting
Affects 0.3-2% of pregnant women
Significantly impacts fluid and electrolyte balance, nutrition intake, and metabolism
Leads to physical and psychological debilitation
Can result in adverse pregnancy outcomes

Adverse Pregnancy Outcomes (Hyperemesis Gravidarum)

Preterm labor
Low birth weight
Wernicke's encephalopathy

Diagnosis and Investigations

Rule out other causes of nausea and vomiting (e.g., malaria)
Complete blood count (CBC)
Blood urea and electrolytes tests
Ultrasound (US) to diagnose or rule out molar pregnancy or multiple pregnancies, and for pregnancy dating