Hyperemesis Gravidarum - Severe Nausea and Vomiting in Pregnancy
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Questions and Answers

What is the main cause of hyperemesis gravidarum mentioned in the text?

  • Metabolic and nutritional deficiencies
  • Thyroid dysfunction
  • Ambivalent attitude towards the pregnancy
  • Elevated levels of hCG early in the pregnancy (correct)

Which of the following is a common assessment sign of hyperemesis gravidarum according to the text?

  • Clear vomitus with undigested food
  • Increased appetite
  • High blood pressure
  • Foul smelling breath due to acidosis (correct)

What is a likely consequence of vomiting in hyperemesis gravidarum on the growing fetus?

  • Increased nutrient supply to the fetus
  • Reduced risk of dehydration in the fetus
  • Enhanced fetal growth
  • Decreased blood and nutrient supply to the fetus (correct)

How should nursing management handle oral intake for a patient with hyperemesis gravidarum?

<p>Advise no oral intake until vomiting stops (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which gestational period is typically associated with the signs of hyperemesis gravidarum according to the text?

<p>1st to 16th week (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How should nursing management proceed regarding fluid administration for mild dehydration in hyperemesis gravidarum?

<p>&quot;Give IV fluids only if dehydration is severe&quot; (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a common metabolic cause of hyperemesis gravidarum as mentioned in the text?

<p>Nutritional deficiencies (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT listed as an assessment sign of hyperemesis gravidarum?

<p>Dark urine (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What should be the initial content of vomitus in a patient with hyperemesis gravidarum according to the text?

<p>Food vile (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a potential consequence of dehydration due to vomiting in hyperemesis gravidarum for the growing fetus?

<p>Decreased blood and nutrient supply (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What nursing intervention is advised when vomiting stops in a patient with hyperemesis gravidarum?

<p>Advise small frequent meals (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which factor contributes to an increased incidence of hyperemesis gravidarum according to the text?

<p>Ambivalent attitude towards the pregnancy (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Cause of Hyperemesis Gravidarum

Elevated levels of hCG early in pregnancy lead to hyperemesis gravidarum.

Common Assessment Sign

Foul smelling breath due to acidosis indicates a common sign of hyperemesis gravidarum.

Fetus Consequence of Vomiting

Vomiting in hyperemesis gravidarum can lead to decreased blood and nutrient supply to the fetus.

Oral Intake Advice

Patients with hyperemesis gravidarum should avoid oral intake until vomiting stops.

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Gestational Period for Hyperemesis Gravidarum

Signs of hyperemesis gravidarum typically appear between the 1st to 16th week of pregnancy.

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Fluid Administration

Only provide IV fluids for severe dehydration in hyperemesis gravidarum cases.

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Metabolic Cause

Nutritional deficiencies can trigger hyperemesis gravidarum.

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Not an Assessment Sign

Dark urine is not listed as a sign of hyperemesis gravidarum.

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Initial Content of Vomitus

The vomitus in hyperemesis gravidarum should initially contain food vile.

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Dehydration Consequence for Fetus

Dehydration from vomiting can further decrease blood and nutrient supply to the fetus.

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Post-Vomiting Intervention

After vomiting stops, advise small frequent meals for management.

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Increased Incidence Factor

An ambivalent attitude towards pregnancy is linked to increased hyperemesis gravidarum cases.

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Study Notes

Hyperemesis Gravidarum

  • Severe nausea and vomiting during pregnancy leading to metabolic and nutritional imbalance
  • Causes:
    • Elevated levels of hCG early in pregnancy
    • Metabolic and nutritional deficiencies
    • Increased incidence in first pregnancies
    • Ambivalent attitude towards the pregnancy
    • Thyroid dysfunction
  • Effects of vomiting:
    • Dehydration
    • Decreased amount of blood and nutrients to the growing fetus

Assessment

  • Signs occur during 1st to 16th week of pregnancy
  • Symptoms:
    • Intractable nausea and vomiting
    • Vomitus containing undigested food, vile, and mucus, followed by blood and coffee ground material
    • Weight loss
    • Pale and dry skin
    • Rapid heart rate
    • Foul-smelling breath due to acidosis
    • Confusion
    • Delirium
    • Headache
    • Lethargy
    • Stupor
    • Coma

Nursing Management

  • No oral intake until vomiting stops
  • Administer IV fluids, which may be given on an ambulatory basis for mild dehydration
  • Record I and O
  • Advise small, frequent meals when vomiting stops
  • Administer anti-emetics to prevent vomiting

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Description

Learn about hyperemesis gravidarum, a condition characterized by severe nausea and vomiting during pregnancy, leading to metabolic and nutritional imbalance. Explore the causes, assessment, and effects on the growing fetus.

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