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Questions and Answers
What is the main cause of hyperemesis gravidarum mentioned in the text?
Which of the following is a common assessment sign of hyperemesis gravidarum according to the text?
What is a likely consequence of vomiting in hyperemesis gravidarum on the growing fetus?
How should nursing management handle oral intake for a patient with hyperemesis gravidarum?
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Which gestational period is typically associated with the signs of hyperemesis gravidarum according to the text?
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How should nursing management proceed regarding fluid administration for mild dehydration in hyperemesis gravidarum?
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What is a common metabolic cause of hyperemesis gravidarum as mentioned in the text?
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Which of the following is NOT listed as an assessment sign of hyperemesis gravidarum?
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What should be the initial content of vomitus in a patient with hyperemesis gravidarum according to the text?
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What is a potential consequence of dehydration due to vomiting in hyperemesis gravidarum for the growing fetus?
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What nursing intervention is advised when vomiting stops in a patient with hyperemesis gravidarum?
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Which factor contributes to an increased incidence of hyperemesis gravidarum according to the text?
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Study Notes
Hyperemesis Gravidarum
- Severe nausea and vomiting during pregnancy leading to metabolic and nutritional imbalance
- Causes:
- Elevated levels of hCG early in pregnancy
- Metabolic and nutritional deficiencies
- Increased incidence in first pregnancies
- Ambivalent attitude towards the pregnancy
- Thyroid dysfunction
- Effects of vomiting:
- Dehydration
- Decreased amount of blood and nutrients to the growing fetus
Assessment
- Signs occur during 1st to 16th week of pregnancy
- Symptoms:
- Intractable nausea and vomiting
- Vomitus containing undigested food, vile, and mucus, followed by blood and coffee ground material
- Weight loss
- Pale and dry skin
- Rapid heart rate
- Foul-smelling breath due to acidosis
- Confusion
- Delirium
- Headache
- Lethargy
- Stupor
- Coma
Nursing Management
- No oral intake until vomiting stops
- Administer IV fluids, which may be given on an ambulatory basis for mild dehydration
- Record I and O
- Advise small, frequent meals when vomiting stops
- Administer anti-emetics to prevent vomiting
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Description
Learn about hyperemesis gravidarum, a condition characterized by severe nausea and vomiting during pregnancy, leading to metabolic and nutritional imbalance. Explore the causes, assessment, and effects on the growing fetus.
