Pregnancy and Biophysical Profile Quiz

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Questions and Answers

Which condition involves the detachment of the placenta from the uterine wall?

Placental abruption (correct)

Gestational hypertension

Uterine rupture

HELLP syndrome

What is a common test to determine if blood exchange has occurred between mother and baby?

Glucose tolerance test

KB test (correct)

Quad screen test

Fetalfibronectin test

Which of the following conditions is characterized by hemolysis, elevated liver enzymes, and low platelet count?

Placental insufficiency

HELLP syndrome (correct)

Eclampsia

Gestational diabetes

What is the significance of fetalfibronectin being found in plasma?

May indicate preterm labor Signup and view all the answers

If a mother has type O blood and the baby has type A blood, what risk is associated with this situation?

Risk for ABO incompatibility Signup and view all the answers

What is the recommended frequency of fetal movements during the third trimester?

6 times in 2 hours Signup and view all the answers

At what gestational age is a pregnancy considered preterm?

37 weeks Signup and view all the answers

What does a biophysical profile assess?

Fetal breathing and movement Signup and view all the answers

Which maneuver is used to determine the position and attitude of the fetus?

Leopold's Maneuver Signup and view all the answers

What is indicated by the prenatal term PPROM?

Preterm prelabor rupture of membranes Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of amniotic fluid analysis in the context of labor?

To detect fetal distress and infections Signup and view all the answers

During labor, what does the term 'blood show' refer to?

Discharge consisting of blood and mucus from the cervix Signup and view all the answers

What does the 'PMI' refer to when assessing fetal position?

Point of Maximum Intensity Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary concern associated with variable deceleration in fetal heart rate during labor?

Cord compression leading to reduced blood flow Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following interventions is most effective for addressing late deceleration during labor?

Repositioning the mother out of supine position Signup and view all the answers

What does a fetal heart rate of 156 bpm during the 30-second monitoring indicate?

Normal fetal heart rate range Signup and view all the answers

What does effacement refer to in the context of labor?

Thinning and shortening of the cervix Signup and view all the answers

What is a common side effect of the interventions for variable deceleration?

Maternal hypotension due to positioning Signup and view all the answers

Which stage of labor is defined by the dilation of the cervix from 0 to 10 cm?

Stage 1 Signup and view all the answers

What are the effects of group B Streptococcus (GBS) on the fetus?

Causes fetal infections but not maternal effects Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following describes a vasovagal response during labor?

Decreased blood pressure due to pain or anxiety Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Pregnancy

Pregnancy lasts 40 weeks
Preterm pregnancy is less than 37 weeks
Delivery date is 9 months and 7 days from the first day of the last menstrual period
Gravida: number of pregnancies
Para: number of live births
Abortion: number of abortions or miscarriages

Biophysical Profile

Assesses fetal well-being
Includes:
- Fetal breathing movements
- Fetal movements
- Fetal tone
- Amniotic fluid volume
- Non-stress test

Ultrasound

Dating: used to determine gestational age
Placement: helps determine the location of the placenta
Abnormalities: identifies any abnormalities

PPROM

Premature premature rupture of membranes
PROM: premature rupture of membranes

Amniotic Fluid

Clear: normal
Green: fetal distress
Yellow: infection

Ferning

Sterile specimen of amniotic fluid is obtained using a microscope

Blood Show

Early labor pain
Indicates that the cervix is dilating

Pain Location and Intensity

False labor: Braxton Hicks contractions
True labor: contractions that occur every 20 minutes and can last 80 minutes

Effacement

Low: thick cervix
100% effacement: thinning of the cervix

Urinalysis

Infection: identifies infection
Ketones: detects ketones
Protein: detects protein
Leukocytes: detects leukocytes

Intermittent Auscultation

Used to monitor the fetal heart rate
Doppler is used for low-risk pregnancies

Fetal Monitoring

Mom position:
- Towel under hips (right hip)
- Below mom's umbilicus lower quadrants of the right
Fetal heart rate:
- 150 bpm at 32 weeks
- 110 bpm at 32 weeks

Decelerations

Not always bad
Can be caused by:
- Vasovagal response from fetal head compression during contraction

Variable Deceleration

Caused by cord compression
Reposition mom if detected

Late Deceleration

Caused by:
- Maternal hypotension (supine position)
Intervention:
- Reposition mom:
  - Change hands
  - Knees
  - Chest

Accelerations

Indicate good fetal well-being

Stages of Labor

Stage 1: Dilation and effacement to 10 cm (0-100%)
Stage 2: Pushing and birth
Stage 3: Delivery of the placenta
Stage 4: First 2 hours following birth

McRoberts Maneuver

Used to dislodge the shoulder of a baby that is stuck
Legs to abdomen
Supra-pubic pressure

Potential Complications

Hypertension:
- Non-severe: 140/90 or greater
- Severe: 160/110 or greater
- Chronic: present before 20 weeks gestation
- Gestational: presents 20 weeks after gestation
Preeclampsia: high blood pressure during pregnancy
Eclampsia: preeclampsia with seizures
HELLP syndrome: severe preeclampsia condition
- Hemolysis
- Elevated liver enzymes
- Low platelets
Placental abruption: placenta detaches from the uterine wall
Uterine rupture: rupture of the uterine wall
Prolapsed cord: cord comes out before the baby
ABO incompatibility: If mom is type O and baby is type A or B, there is a risk for jaundice

Premature Labor

Fetal fibronectin (glue found in plasma) indicates an increased risk of premature labor
Nifedipine (IAdalat): stops contractions
Betamethasone: promotes lung development

Stillbirth

More than 20 weeks gestation

Glucosedone

Given after birth if not symptomatic or at risk
Given every 2 hours

Leopold's Maneuver

Used to identify:
- Number of fetuses
- Fetal lie: longitudinal, transverse or oblique
- Fetal attitude
- Degree of descent of the presenting part into the pelvis
- Expected location of the point of maximum intensity (PMI)

Group B Strep (GBS)

Affects the baby, not the mom
Treated with Benzylpenicillin 5,000,000 units or 2,500,000 units every hour
Or Clindamycin Q8H 975 mg if allergic to penicillin

KB Test

Determines if blood exchange has occurred between the mom and the baby
Used to check for potential complications

Baby Should Move

Baby should move 6 times in 2 hours
Used to monitor fetal well-being

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Description

Test your knowledge on pregnancy, fetal well-being, and ultrasound assessments. This quiz covers key terms, procedures, and indicators related to pregnancy. Perfect for students in obstetrics and maternal health courses.