Questions and Answers
What is the tradename for Pralidoxime?
What class of drug is Pralidoxime?
Cholinesterase reactivator, antidote
What is the mechanism of action of Pralidoxime?
Reactivates cholinesterase to effectively act as an antidote to organophosphate and pesticide poisonings.
What are the indications for using Pralidoxime?
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There are contraindications for using Pralidoxime in an emergency setting.
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What are some common adverse effects of Pralidoxime?
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What is the recommended dose and route for Pralidoxime?
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What is the onset of action for Pralidoxime?
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What are some special considerations when using Pralidoxime?
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Study Notes
Pralidoxime Overview
- Also known as Protopam or 2PAM.
- Functions primarily as a cholinesterase reactivator and antidote.
Mechanism of Action
- Reactivates cholinesterase, counteracting the effects of organophosphate and pesticide-related poisonings.
- Effective in reversing respiratory failure and skeletal muscle paralysis caused by these toxins.
Indications
- Administered for organophosphate poisoning, including pesticides and nerve agents like sarin and VX.
- Used in anticholinesterase drug overdoses, notably in myasthenia gravis treatment.
Contraindications
- No specific contraindications in emergency settings for administration.
Adverse Effects
- Common side effects include dizziness, blurred vision, headache, drowsiness, nausea, tachycardia, and muscle weakness.
Dose & Route
- Typically, 1-2 mg via IV over 30-60 minutes.
- An intramuscular dose ranges from 600-1800 mg, often in an auto-injector kit with atropine.
- Dosing may be repeated based on clinical need.
Onset & Duration
- Onset of action occurs within minutes.
- Duration of effect can be variable.
Special Considerations
- Classified as Pregnancy Category C, indicating potential risks and benefits must be assessed.
- Rapid intravenous injection may lead to tachycardia, laryngospasm, and muscle rigidity.
- Atropine should always be co-administered to inhibit acetylcholine effects.
- Ineffective for inorganic phosphate poisoning.
- Caution advised in myasthenia gravis patients as pralidoxime may trigger a myasthenia crisis.
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Description
This quiz explores the overview of Pralidoxime, also known as Protopam or 2PAM, focusing on its mechanism of action as a cholinesterase reactivator and antidote. It covers indications for use, contraindications, adverse effects, and dosage details, particularly in cases of organophosphate poisoning.
