Poultry Production (Broiler Production)
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Questions and Answers

Which type of chicken is primarily raised for meat production?

  • Broilers (correct)
  • Layers
  • Turkeys
  • Duck
  • Broilers become mature within 20 weeks.

    False (B)

    What is one reason why poultry raising is popular?

    Fast growth

    Adult hens may lay an egg after every ___ to ___ hours.

    <p>24 to 26</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match each type of poultry with its respective primary product:

    <p>Broilers = Meat Layers = Eggs Ducks = Meat and Eggs Turkeys = Meat</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a major problem affecting the poultry industry in the Philippines?

    <p>High cost of production (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Good feed converters are inefficient in converting feed to meat and eggs.

    <p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Name the top poultry species produced in the Philippines.

    <p>Chicken</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which breed of broiler chicken is known for its fast growth and marketable weight of 1.6 kg in 33-42 days?

    <p>Cornish (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Roosters are primarily raised for meat production.

    <p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the weight range that broiler chickens can reach in a marketable age of 33-42 days?

    <p>1.6 kg</p> Signup and view all the answers

    ________ type chickens are known for being good layers of big eggs.

    <p>Egg</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the types of chicken to their descriptions:

    <p>Egg-type = Good layers of big eggs Meat-type = Large and slow-moving, poor egg layers Dual Purpose = Medium size, grow fast and good layers</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which essential factor is NOT listed for broiler production?

    <p>Provide unlimited space (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of chicken is characterized by a rare appearance and is often kept as a pet?

    <p>Fancy/Ornamental (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The brooding stage is when chicks no longer require any heat to stay comfortable.

    <p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Name one strain of broiler chicken raised in the Philippines.

    <p>Cobb</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Ideal brooding temperature for chicks is 20.5-22.5°C.

    <p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Name one management practice used in raising chickens.

    <p>Litter-floor brooding</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Chicks should be provided with water and feeds __________.

    <p>ad libitum</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following types of chicken with their characteristics:

    <p>Game Fowl = Fighting type breeds Fancy/Ornamental = Rare and unusual appearance Broilers = Raised for meat Layers = Produced for egg laying</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens when chicks are close to each other during brooding?

    <p>They feel cold and need a heat source (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Chickens can be marketed only as dressed chicken.

    <p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the first step in eviscerating a chicken?

    <p>Create a horizontal cut at the lower neck</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What must be avoided to prevent antibiotic resistance in chickens before slaughtering?

    <p>Vaccination 72 hours prior (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The head of the chicken should be removed before the dressing process begins.

    <p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the formula for calculating the dressing percentage of a chicken?

    <p>(dressed weight/live weight) x 100</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The lungs of the chicken may be removed using ______ since they are embedded in the ribs.

    <p>fingers</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the steps in chicken dressing with their correct descriptions:

    <p>Restrain the chicken = Hold the shanks and wings to position the chicken Bleed the chicken = Cut the jugular vein to drain the blood Wash the carcass = Clean the carcass with clean water Clean the giblets = Prepare the heart, liver, and gizzard for cooking</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When should the chicken be weighed to determine the live weight?

    <p>Right before slaughtering (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The shanks of the chicken should be cut at the hock joint during the dressing process.

    <p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the benefit of not feeding the chicken for 12 hours before dressing?

    <p>Easier cleaning of organs and more accurate dressing percentage</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which egg product is made from a fertilized egg that is incubated before being boiled?

    <p>Balot/Balut (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Female chickens are generally more aggressive than male chickens.

    <p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main difference in feather appearance between male and female chickens?

    <p>Male chickens have more colorful and prominent feathers, while female chickens have duller feathers.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The _____ egg is a preserved egg that has been wrapped in rice husk and treated with salt, lime, and ash.

    <p>Century</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following physical characteristics with male or female chickens:

    <p>Vent size = Female Feather color and presence in tail = Male Wattle size = Male Size = Female Spur presence = Male</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which egg product is boiled and coated with orange batter before being deep-fried?

    <p>Kwek kwek/Tokneneng (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The comb in male chickens is thinner and less prominent compared to female chickens.

    <p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of the spur found in male chickens?

    <p>It is used for fighting.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Flashcards

    Broiler Chickens

    Meat-type chickens that mature quickly, typically within 4-8 weeks.

    Layer Chickens

    Egg-laying chickens that mature within about 20 weeks.

    Fast Growers (Poultry)

    Poultry that mature at an early age, ideally to meet market demand rapidly.

    Fast Multipliers (Poultry)

    Poultry breeds that reproduce quickly, ensuring a consistent supply.

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    Feed Converters (Poultry)

    Poultry that convert feed into meat and eggs efficiently.

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    High cost of production (Poultry)

    The high expenses involved in raising poultry compared to the price realized at the market.

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    Inefficient marketing system (Poultry)

    A system of getting products to consumers that is not optimized to maximize gains.

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    Top 3 Poultry Species

    Chicken, the primary poultry species in the Philippines, is among the highest produced.

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    Male vs. Female Chicken Differences

    Male and female chickens have distinct physical characteristics that help distinguish them.

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    Chicken Vent Size

    The vent, an opening for laying eggs, is larger in female chickens, and smaller in male chickens.

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    Chicken Feather Color

    Female chickens generally have duller or less colorful feathers than males. Males often have brighter colored feathers, especially in their tail.

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    Chicken Wattle Size

    Male chickens usually have larger wattles (the fleshy growths on the face) than female chickens.

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    Chicken Comb Shape

    Male chickens typically have a thicker, redder comb (the fleshy growth on the head) and a larger comb than female chickens.

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    Chicken Size Difference

    Male chickens are generally larger than female chickens.

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    Chicken Spur

    Spur, a claw-like growth on the foot, is found on male chickens but is absent in females.

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    Chicken Aggression

    Roosters (male chickens) tend to be more aggressive than hens (female chickens).

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    Game fowl chicken breed

    Aggressive and strong chicken breeds, good stamina.

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    Fancy/Ornamental chicken breed

    Chicken breeds with unique and unusual appearances, often kept as pets.

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    Brooding temperature for chicks

    Recommended temperature for chicks is between 32.2-35oC.

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    Litter-floor brooding

    A system of brooding chicks on a floor covered with litter

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    Elevated-wire/slat Brooding

    A chicken brooding system using elevated wire or slatted floors.

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    Water and Feed

    Should be provided continuously to the chickens.

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    Live chicken sale

    Chickens are sold in their live state.

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    Dressed chicken weight

    Weight of a chicken after removing feathers, blood, head, feet, and internal organs.

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    Roosters' sound

    Roosters make a crowing sound to protect their territory.

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    Broiler breeds

    Different types of broiler chickens, such as Cobb, San Miguel, Hubbard, and Anak 2000.

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    Broiler chick size

    Healthy day-old chicks should be a uniform size and color, not less than 33 grams.

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    Brooding stage

    The stage where chicks are placed in a heated area until they don't need supplemental heat.

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    Broiler house

    The structure where broilers are raised; it needs good ventilation and drainage.

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    Egg-type chickens

    Small chickens that are good layers of large eggs.

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    Meat-type chickens

    Large, slow-moving breeds that are poor egg layers.

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    Chicken Dressing

    The process of slaughtering and preparing a chicken for consumption.

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    Dressing Percentage

    The ratio of the dressed weight (after processing) to the live weight of a chicken, expressed as a percentage.

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    Kosher Method

    A specific method of chicken dressing that adheres to Jewish dietary laws.

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    Why Fasting Before Dressing?

    Withholding food for 12 hours before slaughtering chickens improves the quality of meat and makes internal organ cleaning easier.

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    Why Not Vaccinate Before Dressing?

    Vaccinating chickens within 72 hours of slaughter can lead to antibiotic resistance in the meat.

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    Bleeding the Chicken

    Cutting the jugular vein to drain the blood completely from the chicken.

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    Removing Organs

    Carefully extracting the internal organs of the chicken, including the lungs, heart, liver, and gizzard.

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    Cleaning the Carcass

    Washing the chicken carcass thoroughly with clean water to remove any remaining blood or debris.

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    Study Notes

    Poultry Production (Broiler Production)

    • Overview: The second half of the semester will cover poultry production, including broilers (meat-type) and layers (egg-type) chickens.
    • Objectives: Students should be able to identify different poultry species, compare males and females, and explain broiler/layer management practices.
    • Poultry Species in the Philippines: Chicken is the top species, followed by ducks and quails.
    • Egg Products: Common egg products include balot/balut, bibingkang abnoy, century egg, kwek kwek/tokneneng, and salted egg.
    • Reasons for Poultry Popularity: Rapid growth (4 weeks for broilers, 20 weeks for layers), fast reproduction (laying every 24-26 hours), and efficient feed conversion.
    • Poultry Industry Problems: High production costs, unstable feed supplies, and inefficient marketing strategies.
    • Male vs. Female Chicken: Differences in size, color, feather characteristics, wattle size, comb shape, and the presence of spurs. (Table provided shows specific details)
    • Other Ways to Distinguish Male/Female: Males are more aggressive, have a crowing sound, and are generally stronger than females.
    • Broiler Production: Broilers are meat-type chickens that mature quickly (1.6-2kg in 33-42 days).
    • Broiler Breeds in Philippines: Some popular breeds mentioned are Cobb, San Miguel, Hubbard, Anak 2000, Cornish, and Indian River.
    • Brooding Management: Chicks are kept in a specific area with supplemental heat (32.2-35°C) until they can regulate their body temperature. Includes housing, temperature, and feed/water.

    Chicken Dressing

    • Dressing Percentage: Calculated by dividing the dressed weight by the live weight, multiplied by 100. High percentages indicate better profitability.
    • Pre-Dressing Procedures: Chickens should not be vaccinated 72 hours prior to slaughtering, and should not be fed 12 hours prior to decrease antibiotic resistance and ease organ cleaning. Weighting the live chicken is essential for accuracy.
    • Dressing Method (Kosher Method): Steps include restraining the chicken, bleeding, washing, scalding, removing feathers, eviscerating, removing head and shanks, washing the carcass, and cleaning giblets.
    • Dressed Chicken: The weight of the chicken after removing feathers, blood, head, feet, and internal organs.

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    Description

    This quiz explores the fundamentals of poultry production, emphasizing broilers and layers. Students will learn to identify poultry species, compare genders, and understand management practices. Additionally, the quiz addresses the challenges faced in the poultry industry and the reasons for its popularity.

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