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Questions and Answers
What is the main characteristic of perishable crops?
What is the main characteristic of perishable crops?
Which factor contributes to the losses in perishable crops due to endogenous factors?
Which factor contributes to the losses in perishable crops due to endogenous factors?
What is the main characteristic of durable crops?
What is the main characteristic of durable crops?
What are the losses in durable crops mainly attributed to?
What are the losses in durable crops mainly attributed to?
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Which type of crops require more postharvest handling steps according to the text?
Which type of crops require more postharvest handling steps according to the text?
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What is the main objective of processing agricultural products?
What is the main objective of processing agricultural products?
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What is the purpose of parboiling in processing agricultural products?
What is the purpose of parboiling in processing agricultural products?
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Which type of crops are vulnerable to injuries and have soft tissues?
Which type of crops are vulnerable to injuries and have soft tissues?
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Study Notes
Market Distribution and Packaging
- Lettuce is distributed using refrigerated vans to maintain quality during transport.
- Cold storage is a crucial aspect of postharvest technology to extend shelf life.
Bases of Postharvest Technologies
- Three main bases: Morpho-Anatomical, Physio-Chemical, and Physical.
Morpho-Anatomical Basis of Postharvest Technologies
- Cell: The fundamental building block of plant commodities.
- Tissue: A collection of similar cells performing a specific function.
- Tissue System: A combination of different tissues working together to form plant organs (leaves, roots, stems, flowers, fruits).
- Anatomy: Focuses on the structure of plant organs.
- Morphology: Involves the study of form and structure of these organs.
- Morpho-Anatomy: Examines both visible and microscopic features of a commodity.
Morpho-Anatomical Structures of Basic Plant Organs
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Roots:
- Two types: Tap roots (storage organs for carbohydrates) and lateral roots.
- Storage root examples include carrots, beets, and yams.
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Stem:
- The vertical axis with nodes for leaf or flower bud development, separated by internodes.
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Leaves:
- The blade is the main part, sometimes attached to the stem via a petiole.
Dermal System of Plants
- Composed of epidermal layers, cuticle, stomata, lenticels, and various emergent features like hairs and spines.
Observations on Wilting and Storage
- Leafy vegetables wilt faster than fruits.
- Tips of leaves tend to wilt and brown more rapidly than other sections.
- Certain vegetables show varying storability: e.g., garlic lasts longer than onions; potatoes have healing capabilities after wounds from harvesting; citrus fruits can turn brown if dropped.
Changes During Postharvest Handling
- Laticifers in mango fruits are longer and wider at the base near the stem.
- Cellular-level changes can lead to visible postharvest issues, like eggplant developing brown areas when exposed to temperatures below 12°C.
Impact of Packing and Respiration
- Internal breakdown of mangoes can occur when packed in plastic, due to rapid oxygen consumption.
- Decrease in oxygen leads to slower metabolism and increased starch granules, affecting fruit quality.
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Description
Test your knowledge on the morpho-anatomical basis of postharvest technologies, covering topics like cells, tissues, and organs of different plant parts. Explore the fundamental concepts behind market distribution, lettuce farm packaging, refrigerated vans, and cold storage.
