Post-Operative Infection I & II by Allen J Kempf, DPM, MS
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Questions and Answers

What is the main objective of identifying patterns of soft tissue and bone infections in the foot and ankle?

  • To reduce the need for surgery
  • To prevent sepsis
  • To determine the best antibiotics
  • To facilitate appropriate surgical intervention (correct)

Which criteria are important in diagnosing sepsis associated with lower extremity infections?

  • SIRS criteria (correct)
  • Rickettsia criteria
  • Salmonella criteria
  • Bacteroides criteria

What is the key factor in determining the types of foot and ankle infections requiring surgery?

  • Pathological presence of bacteria
  • Extensive bone involvement (correct)
  • Presence of soft tissue infection
  • Absence of SIRS criteria

How does knowledge of surgical techniques and goals impact the management of foot and ankle infections?

<p>It guides appropriate surgical intervention (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which criterion defines 'infection' according to the provided information?

<p>Presence of pathogens in a wound (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are common symptoms of cellulitis?

<p>Erythema and warmth (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a common pathogen associated with cellulitis?

<p>Streptococci (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is cellulitis recurrence high after the initial episode?

<p>Multiple diseases mimic its presentation (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a common treatment approach for cellulitis?

<p>Inpatient IV antibiotics covering Gram + (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is characteristic of an abscess?

<p>It is encapsulated by inflammation and granulation (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which condition is cellulitis rarely, if ever, bilateral?

<p>Charcot neuroarthropathy (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which diagnostic imaging modality is NOT typically used in the diagnosis of septic arthritis?

<p>Ultrasound (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a risk factor for septic arthritis?

<p>Diabetes (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a characteristic feature of Systemic Inflammatory Response Syndrome (SIRS)?

<p>Hypotension (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which parameter is NOT a criterion for confirming SIRS?

<p>Fever &gt; 37.5° C (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which procedure is NOT part of the treatment options for septic arthritis based on IDSA guidelines?

<p>Skin grafting (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a key difference between Sepsis and SIRS?

<p>SIRS is always caused by an infectious organism (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a defining characteristic of sepsis associated with lower extremity infections?

<p>Meeting SIRS criteria (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a diagnostic criterion for identifying sepsis?

<p>Meeting the SIRS criteria (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a key aspect of the diagnosis and surgical management of diabetic foot infections?

<p>Recognition of soft tissue, joint, and bone infections (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a crucial factor in differentiating between soft tissue, joint, and bone infections requiring surgery?

<p>Identification of the type of infection (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is knowledge of patterns in soft tissue and bone infections critical for surgical management?

<p>To establish correct surgical techniques and goals (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is not a potential risk factor for septic arthritis?

<p>Diabetes (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the context of sepsis diagnosis, which vital sign abnormality is not a component of the SIRS criteria?

<p>Leukopenia &lt; 4,000 (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary method recommended for diagnosing sepsis in patients with lower extremity infections?

<p>Sequential Organ Failure Assessment Score (qSOFA) (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is not considered a treatment option for abscesses?

<p>Crystal analysis (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a key difference between SIRS and sepsis as defined in the text?

<p>Presence of organ dysfunction (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which criterion is essential for confirming a diagnosis of septic arthritis?

<p>Identification of organism in synovial fluid (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a notable characteristic of cellulitis recurrence after the initial episode?

<p>It is high in percentage (22-49%) (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which condition is rarely, if ever, bilateral?

<p>Charcot neuroarthropathy (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which organisms are commonly identified as pathogens in cellulitis?

<p>Streptococci and S.aureus (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a key treatment approach for cellulitis when outpatient antibiotics fail?

<p>IV antibiotics covering Gram + organisms (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which condition is associated with a localized collection of purulent material encapsulated by inflammation in response to an infectious source?

<p>Abscess (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a common symptom of cellulitis often observed in affected areas?

<p>Warmth (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is characteristic of a foot and ankle joint infection that may necessitate surgery?

<p>Localized collection of purulent material encapsulated by inflammation (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the context of lower extremity infections, what is a key factor in differentiating between sepsis and SIRS?

<p>Severity of infection (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary method recommended for confirming the presence of sepsis associated with lower extremity infections?

<p>Laboratory blood tests (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which criterion is crucial in diagnosing diabetic foot infections that may require surgical management?

<p>Presence of bone infection (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

When considering patterns of soft tissue infections in the foot and ankle, what is a notable characteristic that may indicate the need for surgery?

<p>Persistent infection despite antibiotics (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary method for treating cellulitis if outpatient antibiotics fail?

<p>Administer intravenous antibiotics in an inpatient setting (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is cellulitis recurrence high after the initial episode?

<p>Cellulitis-prone individuals have a weakened immune response (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which factor contributes to the difficulty in culturing the causative organisms in cellulitis cases?

<p>Atypical organisms that are resistant to standard culturing methods (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a potential consequence of inadequately treating cellulitis with oral antibiotics?

<p>Development of septic arthritis (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a distinguishing characteristic of abscesses compared to cellulitis?

<p>Abscesses involve a localized collection of purulent material (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which treatment approach is typical for managing cellulitis associated with venous insufficiency?

<p>Passive elevation and compressive dressing post-symptom resolution (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a common risk factor for septic arthritis according to the text?

<p>Long-term indwelling catheters (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which diagnostic method is NOT typically recommended for confirming a diagnosis of septic arthritis?

<p>Crystal analysis (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a key feature of Systemic Inflammatory Response Syndrome (SIRS) as per the text?

<p>Fever over 40° C (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which parameter is NOT part of the SIRS criteria for diagnosing sepsis?

<p>Hypotension (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a common treatment approach for abscesses based on IDSA guidelines?

<p>Joint drainage (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which factor can be crucial in differentiating between types of foot and ankle infections requiring surgery?

<p>Knowledge of surgical techniques and goals (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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