Post-Operative Infection I & II by Allen J Kempf, DPM, MS
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Questions and Answers

What is the main objective of identifying patterns of soft tissue and bone infections in the foot and ankle?

  • To reduce the need for surgery
  • To prevent sepsis
  • To determine the best antibiotics
  • To facilitate appropriate surgical intervention (correct)

    • Which criteria are important in diagnosing sepsis associated with lower extremity infections?

  • SIRS criteria (correct)
  • Rickettsia criteria
  • Salmonella criteria
  • Bacteroides criteria

    • What is the key factor in determining the types of foot and ankle infections requiring surgery?

  • Pathological presence of bacteria
  • Extensive bone involvement (correct)
  • Presence of soft tissue infection
  • Absence of SIRS criteria

    • How does knowledge of surgical techniques and goals impact the management of foot and ankle infections?

    <p>It guides appropriate surgical intervention</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which criterion defines 'infection' according to the provided information?

    <p>Presence of pathogens in a wound</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are common symptoms of cellulitis?

    <p>Erythema and warmth</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common pathogen associated with cellulitis?

    <p>Streptococci</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is cellulitis recurrence high after the initial episode?

    <p>Multiple diseases mimic its presentation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common treatment approach for cellulitis?

    <p>Inpatient IV antibiotics covering Gram +</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is characteristic of an abscess?

    <p>It is encapsulated by inflammation and granulation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which condition is cellulitis rarely, if ever, bilateral?

    <p>Charcot neuroarthropathy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which diagnostic imaging modality is NOT typically used in the diagnosis of septic arthritis?

    <p>Ultrasound</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a risk factor for septic arthritis?

    <p>Diabetes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a characteristic feature of Systemic Inflammatory Response Syndrome (SIRS)?

    <p>Hypotension</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which parameter is NOT a criterion for confirming SIRS?

    <p>Fever &gt; 37.5° C</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which procedure is NOT part of the treatment options for septic arthritis based on IDSA guidelines?

    <p>Skin grafting</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a key difference between Sepsis and SIRS?

    <p>SIRS is always caused by an infectious organism</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a defining characteristic of sepsis associated with lower extremity infections?

    <p>Meeting SIRS criteria</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a diagnostic criterion for identifying sepsis?

    <p>Meeting the SIRS criteria</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a key aspect of the diagnosis and surgical management of diabetic foot infections?

    <p>Recognition of soft tissue, joint, and bone infections</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a crucial factor in differentiating between soft tissue, joint, and bone infections requiring surgery?

    <p>Identification of the type of infection</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is knowledge of patterns in soft tissue and bone infections critical for surgical management?

    <p>To establish correct surgical techniques and goals</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is not a potential risk factor for septic arthritis?

    <p>Diabetes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the context of sepsis diagnosis, which vital sign abnormality is not a component of the SIRS criteria?

    <p>Leukopenia &lt; 4,000</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary method recommended for diagnosing sepsis in patients with lower extremity infections?

    <p>Sequential Organ Failure Assessment Score (qSOFA)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is not considered a treatment option for abscesses?

    <p>Crystal analysis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a key difference between SIRS and sepsis as defined in the text?

    <p>Presence of organ dysfunction</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which criterion is essential for confirming a diagnosis of septic arthritis?

    <p>Identification of organism in synovial fluid</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a notable characteristic of cellulitis recurrence after the initial episode?

    <p>It is high in percentage (22-49%)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which condition is rarely, if ever, bilateral?

    <p>Charcot neuroarthropathy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which organisms are commonly identified as pathogens in cellulitis?

    <p>Streptococci and S.aureus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a key treatment approach for cellulitis when outpatient antibiotics fail?

    <p>IV antibiotics covering Gram + organisms</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which condition is associated with a localized collection of purulent material encapsulated by inflammation in response to an infectious source?

    <p>Abscess</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common symptom of cellulitis often observed in affected areas?

    <p>Warmth</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is characteristic of a foot and ankle joint infection that may necessitate surgery?

    <p>Localized collection of purulent material encapsulated by inflammation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the context of lower extremity infections, what is a key factor in differentiating between sepsis and SIRS?

    <p>Severity of infection</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary method recommended for confirming the presence of sepsis associated with lower extremity infections?

    <p>Laboratory blood tests</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which criterion is crucial in diagnosing diabetic foot infections that may require surgical management?

    <p>Presence of bone infection</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When considering patterns of soft tissue infections in the foot and ankle, what is a notable characteristic that may indicate the need for surgery?

    <p>Persistent infection despite antibiotics</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary method for treating cellulitis if outpatient antibiotics fail?

    <p>Administer intravenous antibiotics in an inpatient setting</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is cellulitis recurrence high after the initial episode?

    <p>Cellulitis-prone individuals have a weakened immune response</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which factor contributes to the difficulty in culturing the causative organisms in cellulitis cases?

    <p>Atypical organisms that are resistant to standard culturing methods</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a potential consequence of inadequately treating cellulitis with oral antibiotics?

    <p>Development of septic arthritis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a distinguishing characteristic of abscesses compared to cellulitis?

    <p>Abscesses involve a localized collection of purulent material</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which treatment approach is typical for managing cellulitis associated with venous insufficiency?

    <p>Passive elevation and compressive dressing post-symptom resolution</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common risk factor for septic arthritis according to the text?

    <p>Long-term indwelling catheters</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which diagnostic method is NOT typically recommended for confirming a diagnosis of septic arthritis?

    <p>Crystal analysis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a key feature of Systemic Inflammatory Response Syndrome (SIRS) as per the text?

    <p>Fever over 40° C</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which parameter is NOT part of the SIRS criteria for diagnosing sepsis?

    <p>Hypotension</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common treatment approach for abscesses based on IDSA guidelines?

    <p>Joint drainage</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which factor can be crucial in differentiating between types of foot and ankle infections requiring surgery?

    <p>Knowledge of surgical techniques and goals</p> Signup and view all the answers

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