Population Dynamics and Vital Statistics Quiz

Questions and Answers

What type of transmission occurs when a vector mechanically carries organisms?

Vertical transmission

External transmission (correct)

Internal transmission

Direct transmission

Which step is NOT part of the basic epidemiological process?

Gathering historical data

Identifying determinants influencing conditions

Determining the nature of the problem

Designing a laboratory experiment (correct)

What type of epidemiological study is focused on artificially induced epidemics?

Field epidemiology

Observed epidemiology

Descriptive epidemiology

Experimental epidemiology (correct)

In the epidemiological process, which step involves assessing the significance of a health issue?

Determining the nature and extent of the problem Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT considered a determinant influencing a health condition?

Economic status Signup and view all the answers

Which disease is mentioned as an example of a condition with airborne transmission?

Tuberculosis Signup and view all the answers

What is the focus of field epidemiology?

Observing naturally occurring disease Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best defines vector-borne transmission?

Transmission where arthropods serve as vectors Signup and view all the answers

What was the death rate in the Philippines per 1,000 people in 2019?

5.9 per 1,000 Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following years showed a decline in fertility rate in the Philippines?

Both B and C Signup and view all the answers

What was the maternal mortality rate in the Philippines estimated in 2017?

121 deaths/100,000 live births Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following was not listed as a leading cause of morbidity in the Philippines?

Diabetes Signup and view all the answers

What pattern can significantly affect disease incidence related to mosquito abundance?

Seasonal variation in temperature and rainfall Signup and view all the answers

How many deaths per 1,000 live births were recorded for infant mortality in the Philippines in 2019?

19.239 deaths/1,000 live births Signup and view all the answers

What decline percentage was observed in the fertility rate from 2018 to 2019?

0.97% decline Signup and view all the answers

Who proposed the germ theory of disease?

Robert Koch Signup and view all the answers

Which health determinant study is not a part of epidemiology?

Design of new medical therapies Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT considered a pathogen?

Vitamin C Signup and view all the answers

What components are represented in the wheel theory of disease?

Genetic and environmental components Signup and view all the answers

How are infectious diseases characterized?

They can be passed from one person to another Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a recommended practice to maintain health?

Eating a nutritionally balanced diet Signup and view all the answers

What does the germ theory assert about diseases?

They are caused by specific microbes isolated from the affected individual Signup and view all the answers

In the wheel theory of disease, what do the spokes in the outer portion represent?

Social, biological, and physical components of the environment Signup and view all the answers

What is necessary for determining appropriate antibiotic treatment for a disease?

Identifying the responsible bacteria Signup and view all the answers

What was the population of the 3rd district prior to the increase?

155,000 Signup and view all the answers

What is the formula used to calculate the relative increase in population?

Population after increase - Population before increase / Population before increase Signup and view all the answers

What is the relative increase in population in the 3rd district?

2.57 Signup and view all the answers

Which method assigns people based on their usual residence regardless of where they are during the census?

De jure Signup and view all the answers

What does population composition refer to?

The demographic characteristics of a population Signup and view all the answers

What is the sex ratio formula defined in the content?

Number of males / Number of females x 100 Signup and view all the answers

Which option best describes the purpose of a census?

To gather demographic, economic, and social data Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes the de facto method?

Counting individuals present at a specific location during the census Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary goal of rehabilitation in the context of physical therapy?

To retrain and educate for maximum use of remaining capacities Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a component of health promotion?

Regular medical assessments Signup and view all the answers

In the prepathogenesis period, what factors are interrelated?

Agent, host, environmental Signup and view all the answers

How does work therapy in hospitals contribute to physical therapy?

It aids in the physical recovery of patients by engaging them in tasks Signup and view all the answers

What is a selective placement in the context of rehabilitation?

Placing individuals in jobs that utilize their maximum abilities Signup and view all the answers

What role does the epidemiology and surveillance unit play in public health?

It provides timely and correct information about diseases Signup and view all the answers

What is an essential feature of good nutritional standards in health promotion?

They must be adaptable to local dietary habits Signup and view all the answers

Which strategy is part of preventing complications in physical therapy?

Providing continuous education for patients and staff Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Population Increase and Census

2019 population of the 3rd district reached 555,000, up from 155,000.
Relative population increase calculated as: (555,000 - 155,000) / 155,000 = 2.57.
Census is an official enumeration that collects demographic, economic, and social data to inform public policy and services.

Population Composition

Composition factors include sex, age, occupation, and education levels.
Sex ratio formula: (number of males / number of females) x 100, indicating male-to-female distribution.

Vital Statistics

Death rate in the Philippines decreased from 8 per 1,000 in 1970 to 5.9 per 1,000 in 2019.
Fertility rate in 2019: 2.555 births per woman, a decline from 2.580 in 2018.
Infant mortality rate in 2019: 19.239 deaths per 1,000 live births, declining 2.16% from 2018.
Maternal mortality rate recorded at 121 deaths per 100,000 live births in 2017.

Leading Causes of Morbidity

Top causes include:
- Acute respiratory infections
- Acute lower respiratory tract infections (pneumonia)
- Bronchitis
- Hypertension
- Acute watery diarrhea

Epidemiology

Defined as the study of health-related states and events in specified populations to control health problems.
Germ theory, proposed by Louis Pasteur and Robert Koch, asserts that diseases result from specific germs that can be isolated.

Theories of Disease

Wheel theory visualizes disease causation, connecting central genetic components with environmental factors represented by outer spokes.
Pathogens, including bacteria and viruses, are the primary causal agents of infectious diseases.

Infectious Diseases

Diseases transmitted from one individual to another are termed communicable.
Infectious agents can be airborne or contained in dust particles, with vector-borne transmission involving arthropod carriers.

Epidemiological Process

Steps include determining the nature and extent of health problems, including historical-analytical methods for long-term disease studies and experimental epidemiology for lab-induced studies.

Preventive Measures

Prevention strategies address the natural history of diseases:
- Health promotion through education and good nutrition.
- Rehabilitation includes training for maximizing remaining capabilities.
- Focus on public health education and standards to manage disease impacts.

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Description

Test your knowledge on population increase, census data, and vital statistics in the Philippines. Explore factors such as demographic trends, mortality rates, and health indicators to understand their implications on public policy. This quiz will challenge your understanding of key concepts related to population composition and health statistics.