Biology Chapter 4: Population Dynamics

Questions and Answers

What formula do we use to calculate population density?

Total number of individuals/unit area

Some characteristics that all populations have include?

Population density, growth rate, dispersion

How do populations tend to be dispersed?

Randomly, uniformly, and in clumps

Populations also tend to stabilize near the?

Carrying capacity of their environment Signup and view all the answers

Factors that limit populations are either?

Both A and B Signup and view all the answers

Earthquake-related tsunami is considered density independent?

True Signup and view all the answers

Intense competition for a food source is density dependent?

True Signup and view all the answers

Influenza epidemic is a density independent factor?

False Signup and view all the answers

Flooding due to a hurricane is a density independent factor?

True Signup and view all the answers

What do population-limiting factors do?

Keep a population from increasing indefinitely Signup and view all the answers

Density-independent factors include parasites and disease?

False Signup and view all the answers

On Isle Royale, the population of moose decreased as the population of wolves decreased?

False Signup and view all the answers

Competition can occur within a species or between two different species?

True Signup and view all the answers

What type of growth is demonstrated by exponential growth?

Exponential growth Signup and view all the answers

What type of growth does logistic growth refer to?

Logistic growth Signup and view all the answers

A mouse is an example of an?

r-strategist Signup and view all the answers

A spider is an example of an?

r-strategist Signup and view all the answers

A human is an example of an?

k-strategist Signup and view all the answers

An elephant is an example of an?

k-strategist Signup and view all the answers

Population sampling proportion example?

number with tags in last catch/total number in last catch = number tagged fish (or other animal) in first catch/population Signup and view all the answers

Why are the units in a population density calculation squared and not cubed?

There are only two dimensions, length and width Signup and view all the answers

Area of a rectangular object?

length x width Signup and view all the answers

Main idea of this section is?

Populations of species are described by density, spatial distribution, and growth rate Signup and view all the answers

What are the characteristics of populations and how they are distributed?

Populations are groups of the same species in the same area and characteristics of populations include density, distribution, and growth rate Signup and view all the answers

What are the differences between density-independent and density-dependent limiting factors?

Density-independent does not depend on the number of members in a population and density-dependent does depend on the number of members in a population Signup and view all the answers

How does carrying capacity affect reproductive rates?

Signup and view all the answers

Population density?

The number of organisms per unit area Signup and view all the answers

Dispersion?

Is the spacing pattern of a population and its pattern is primarily driven by resources such as food Signup and view all the answers

What is a species' range?

Its distribution across the environment Signup and view all the answers

Why might a species not be able to expand its population range?

Because it cannot survive the abiotic conditions found in the expanded region Signup and view all the answers

Limiting factors?

Are biotic or abiotic forces that keep populations from increasing indefinitely Signup and view all the answers

Limiting factors are either?

Density-independent or density-dependent Signup and view all the answers

Density-independent factor?

Any factor in the environment that does not depend on the number of members in a population per unit area Signup and view all the answers

Density-independent factors are?

Abiotic Signup and view all the answers

Examples of density independent factors include?

Weather events, fire, human alterations of the landscape, and air, land, and water pollution Signup and view all the answers

Density-dependent factor?

Any factor in the environment that depends on the number of members in a population per unit area Signup and view all the answers

Density-dependent factors are?

Biotic Signup and view all the answers

Examples of density dependent factors include?

Predation, disease, competition, and parasites Signup and view all the answers

Population growth rate (PGR)?

Explains how fast a given population grows Signup and view all the answers

Natality?

Birthrate of a population in a given year Signup and view all the answers

Emigration?

Number of individuals moving away from a population Signup and view all the answers

Immigration?

Number of individuals moving into a population Signup and view all the answers

Exponential growth model?

Occurs when growth rate is proportional to population size and all populations grow exponentially until they encounter a limiting factor Signup and view all the answers

Logistic growth model?

Occurs when a population's growth slows or stops following exponential growth and a population stops increasing when the number of births < number of deaths, or when emigration > immigration Signup and view all the answers

Carrying capacity?

Is the maximum number of individuals in a species that an environment can support Signup and view all the answers

Species vary in the number of births per?

Reproduction cycle, age that reproduction begins, and in the life span Signup and view all the answers

Plants and animals are placed into groups based on their?

Reproductive factors Signup and view all the answers

R-strategy?

Rate strategy, adapted for fluctuating environment, generally small, short life span, many offspring, and expend little energy to raise young Signup and view all the answers

K-strategy?

Carrying-capacity strategy, adapted to stable environment, generally large, long life span, few offspring, and invest more energy into nurturing young Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Population Density and Dynamics

Population density is defined as the total number of individuals per unit area.
Populations possess characteristics such as density, growth rate, and dispersion patterns.
Dispersion can occur in three main forms: randomly, uniformly, and in clumps.

Carrying Capacity and Growth Factors

Populations stabilize near the carrying capacity of their environment, which is the maximum number of individuals that can be supported.
Limiting factors that restrict population growth are categorized as density-dependent or density-independent.
Density-dependent factors, such as intense food competition, epidemics, and changes in predator numbers, rely on the population size.
Density-independent factors, like natural disasters and environmental changes (e.g., tsunamis, hurricanes), are not influenced by population density.

Types of Population Growth

Exponential growth occurs when growth rate is proportional to population size before encountering limiting factors.
Logistic growth follows exponential growth and occurs when population growth slows or stops due to factors like a higher death rate than birth rate or emigration exceeding immigration.

Population Strategies

Species exhibit different reproductive strategies: r-strategists (e.g., mice, spiders) produce many offspring with little investment in their care, while K-strategists (e.g., humans, elephants) have fewer offspring and invest more energy in nurturing them.

Population Characteristics and Dynamics

Population growth rate (PGR) quantifies how fast a population grows and is influenced by natality (birthrate), immigration, and emigration.
The area of a population can be calculated using length x width, relevant in determining density measures.
Species' range refers to their distribution in an environment, which can be limited by abiotic conditions impacting survival.

Limiting Factors and Their Role

Limiting factors can be biotic (living factors), like disease and competition, or abiotic (non-living factors), such as weather, pollution, and habitat alterations.
Factors influencing population dynamics play a crucial role in maintaining ecological balance and preventing indefinite population increases.

Key Definitions

Natality: Birthrate of a population within a specific timeframe.
Emigration: The act of individuals moving away from a population.
Immigration: The act of individuals moving into a population.
Carrying capacity: The threshold population size an environment can sustain.

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Description

This quiz covers key concepts from Chapter 4, Section 1 on population dynamics. It includes definitions and formulas related to population density, characteristics of populations, and dispersion patterns. Test your understanding of how populations interact with their environments.

Biology Chapter 4: Population Dynamics

Questions and Answers

What formula do we use to calculate population density?

Some characteristics that all populations have include?

How do populations tend to be dispersed?

Populations also tend to stabilize near the?

Factors that limit populations are either?

Earthquake-related tsunami is considered density independent?

Intense competition for a food source is density dependent?

Influenza epidemic is a density independent factor?

Flooding due to a hurricane is a density independent factor?

What do population-limiting factors do?

Density-independent factors include parasites and disease?

On Isle Royale, the population of moose decreased as the population of wolves decreased?

Competition can occur within a species or between two different species?

What type of growth is demonstrated by exponential growth?

What type of growth does logistic growth refer to?

A mouse is an example of an?

A spider is an example of an?

A human is an example of an?

An elephant is an example of an?

Population sampling proportion example?

Why are the units in a population density calculation squared and not cubed?

Area of a rectangular object?

Main idea of this section is?

What are the characteristics of populations and how they are distributed?

What are the differences between density-independent and density-dependent limiting factors?

How does carrying capacity affect reproductive rates?

Population density?

Dispersion?

What is a species' range?

Why might a species not be able to expand its population range?

Limiting factors?

Limiting factors are either?

Density-independent factor?

Density-independent factors are?

Examples of density independent factors include?

Density-dependent factor?

Density-dependent factors are?

Examples of density dependent factors include?

Population growth rate (PGR)?

Natality?

Emigration?

Immigration?

Exponential growth model?

Logistic growth model?

Carrying capacity?

Species vary in the number of births per?

Plants and animals are placed into groups based on their?

R-strategy?

K-strategy?

Study Notes

Population Density and Dynamics

Carrying Capacity and Growth Factors

Types of Population Growth

Population Strategies

Population Characteristics and Dynamics

Limiting Factors and Their Role

Key Definitions

Studying That Suits You

Description

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