Podcast
Questions and Answers
Which factor is most likely to decrease the population growth rate?
Which factor is most likely to decrease the population growth rate?
- High immigration level
- High infant mortality rate
- Increased access to clean water and healthcare (correct)
- High total fertility rate (TFR)
What is the best indicator of a country's standard of living?
What is the best indicator of a country's standard of living?
- Gross Domestic Product (GDP) (correct)
- Total fertility rate (TFR)
- Infant mortality rate
- Birth rate
How does increased education for women affect population growth?
How does increased education for women affect population growth?
- Increases birth rates
- Delays age of first child (correct)
- Reduces access to healthcare
- Encourages early marriage
Which of the following is a key health indicator of standard of living?
Which of the following is a key health indicator of standard of living?
What effect does high infant mortality rate have on total fertility rate (TFR)?
What effect does high infant mortality rate have on total fertility rate (TFR)?
What is a characteristic trait of K-selected species?
What is a characteristic trait of K-selected species?
Which of the following best describes r-selected species?
Which of the following best describes r-selected species?
How does high parental care in K-selected species affect offspring success?
How does high parental care in K-selected species affect offspring success?
Which statement about r-selected species is accurate?
Which statement about r-selected species is accurate?
What impact do r-selected species typically have on their environment?
What impact do r-selected species typically have on their environment?
What is the formula for calculating population size change?
What is the formula for calculating population size change?
If a wolf pack has 14 wolves and experiences 5 deaths, 3 births, and 4 new wolves joining, what is the percent change in the population?
If a wolf pack has 14 wolves and experiences 5 deaths, 3 births, and 4 new wolves joining, what is the percent change in the population?
Which age group indicates a potential for future population growth?
Which age group indicates a potential for future population growth?
In which category does a country with a stable population size fall?
In which category does a country with a stable population size fall?
What does a higher Total Fertility Rate (TFR) generally indicate?
What does a higher Total Fertility Rate (TFR) generally indicate?
Which country is likely to have the highest Infant Mortality Rate (IMR)?
Which country is likely to have the highest Infant Mortality Rate (IMR)?
What indicates declining population trends within age structure diagrams?
What indicates declining population trends within age structure diagrams?
What is the replacement level fertility indicative of?
What is the replacement level fertility indicative of?
What does a larger population size generally indicate in terms of species survival?
What does a larger population size generally indicate in terms of species survival?
Which of the following best describes a density-independent factor affecting population growth?
Which of the following best describes a density-independent factor affecting population growth?
How is the sex ratio typically considered ideal for breeding?
How is the sex ratio typically considered ideal for breeding?
What happens when food is plentiful in a given area regarding population growth?
What happens when food is plentiful in a given area regarding population growth?
What type of distribution is observed when animals are spaced out evenly due to territorial behavior?
What type of distribution is observed when animals are spaced out evenly due to territorial behavior?
What is meant by 'biotic potential' in population dynamics?
What is meant by 'biotic potential' in population dynamics?
Which statement best describes logistic growth in populations?
Which statement best describes logistic growth in populations?
What typically results from a die-off or bottleneck effect in a population?
What typically results from a die-off or bottleneck effect in a population?
What does 'carrying capacity' (k) refer to in an ecosystem?
What does 'carrying capacity' (k) refer to in an ecosystem?
What is an 'overshoot' in population dynamics?
What is an 'overshoot' in population dynamics?
In the example of reindeer on St. Paul Island, what ultimately caused the population crash?
In the example of reindeer on St. Paul Island, what ultimately caused the population crash?
What happens during a die-off event in a population?
What happens during a die-off event in a population?
How do predator-prey dynamics affect population sizes?
How do predator-prey dynamics affect population sizes?
What role does resource availability play in population growth?
What role does resource availability play in population growth?
Why might real populations not fluctuate regularly around carrying capacity?
Why might real populations not fluctuate regularly around carrying capacity?
What might be a consequence of a population briefly exceeding its carrying capacity?
What might be a consequence of a population briefly exceeding its carrying capacity?
What characterizes a pre-industrialized country?
What characterizes a pre-industrialized country?
Which of the following indicators is associated with stage 2 development?
Which of the following indicators is associated with stage 2 development?
What is a consequence of industrialization as a country develops?
What is a consequence of industrialization as a country develops?
In stage 1 of demographic transition, what is the primary reason for high total fertility rates (TFR)?
In stage 1 of demographic transition, what is the primary reason for high total fertility rates (TFR)?
Which of the following describes industrialized/developed countries?
Which of the following describes industrialized/developed countries?
What typically occurs to GDP as a country transitions from agricultural to industrial?
What typically occurs to GDP as a country transitions from agricultural to industrial?
Which social factor contributes to the generational lag in TFR reduction during development?
Which social factor contributes to the generational lag in TFR reduction during development?
Which of the following is NOT an indicator of a developed/industrialized country?
Which of the following is NOT an indicator of a developed/industrialized country?
Flashcards
Population Size (N)
Population Size (N)
The total number of individuals in a specific area at a given time.
Population Density
Population Density
The number of individuals per unit area.
Population Distribution
Population Distribution
The pattern of how individuals are spaced out in a population.
Sex Ratio
Sex Ratio
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Density-Independent Factors
Density-Independent Factors
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Density-Dependent Factors
Density-Dependent Factors
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Biotic Potential
Biotic Potential
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Carrying Capacity (K)
Carrying Capacity (K)
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Total Fertility Rate (TFR)
Total Fertility Rate (TFR)
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Factors Affecting Population Growth
Factors Affecting Population Growth
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Impact of Development on Population Growth
Impact of Development on Population Growth
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Life Expectancy
Life Expectancy
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Gross Domestic Product (GDP)
Gross Domestic Product (GDP)
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Population Change
Population Change
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Percent Change in Population
Percent Change in Population
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Age Cohort
Age Cohort
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Age Structure Diagram
Age Structure Diagram
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Replacement Level Fertility
Replacement Level Fertility
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Infant Mortality Rate (IMR)
Infant Mortality Rate (IMR)
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Demographic Transition
Demographic Transition
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Pre-industrialized/Less developed
Pre-industrialized/Less developed
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Industrialized/Developed
Industrialized/Developed
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Stage 1 - Preindustrial
Stage 1 - Preindustrial
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Stage 2 - Industrializing/Developing
Stage 2 - Industrializing/Developing
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Stage 3 - Developed/Industrialized
Stage 3 - Developed/Industrialized
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Generational Lag
Generational Lag
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Modernizations Bring Access To...
Modernizations Bring Access To...
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K-selected Species
K-selected Species
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r-selected Species
r-selected Species
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Invasive Species
Invasive Species
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Environmental Disturbances
Environmental Disturbances
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Overshoot
Overshoot
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Die-off
Die-off
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Reindeer of St. Paul Island
Reindeer of St. Paul Island
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Predator-Prey Cycle
Predator-Prey Cycle
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Lynx-Hare Cycle
Lynx-Hare Cycle
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Impact of Canine Virus on Moose Population
Impact of Canine Virus on Moose Population
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Population Growth and Resource Availability
Population Growth and Resource Availability
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Study Notes
APES Ultimate Review Packet
- The packet contains everything needed to succeed in APES class tests and pass the AP exam in May.
- It includes 9 unit video review series, guided notes, unit quizzes, extra math practice, and two full-length practice exams.
- Answer keys are included for all materials.
Unit 3 - Populations
- Slides created by Jordan Dischinger-Smedes, adaptable for study and teaching.
- Free video lectures for each unit topic on YouTube and daily topic reviews on Instagram.
- Resources are free but consider donating for continuous updating via Venmo, Square, or PayPal.
Learning Objective and Essential Knowledge (Page 3)
- ERT-3.A: Identify differences between generalist and specialist species.
- ERT-3.A.1: Specialist species tend to be advantaged in constant habitats, while generalist species thrive in changing habitats.
- 1.B: Explain environmental concepts and processes.
Specialist vs. Generalist Species (Page 4, 5, 6)
- Specialists: Narrow tolerance range, specific food requirements (e.g., bamboo for pandas), less adaptable to new conditions, more prone to extinction.
- Generalists: Broad tolerance range, broader niche, broader food requirements, high adaptability, less prone to extinction, more likely to be invasive.
Identify One Characteristic of Specialist Species (Page 7)
- Identify one characteristic of specialist species and explain how that characteristic makes them more prone to extinction than generalist species.
K-selected & r-selected Species (Page 8, 9, 10 )
- K-selected: Large, few offspring, high parental care, long lifespans, reproduce multiple times, live in stable environments; high competition for resources.
- r-selected: Small, many offspring, little to no parental care, short lifespans, reproduce once, live in unstable environments; low competition for resources.
- Biotic Potential: the maximum reproductive rate of a population in ideal conditions.
- K-selected species are typically more adversely affected by invasive species than r-selected species.
Invasive Species & Disturbances (Page 14)
- K-selected species are usually less likely to survive invasive species.
- R-selected species are usually more likely to be the invasive species due to higher biotic potential and faster generation time.
Zebra Mussel & Unionid Mussel Population Density in the Hudson River (Page 16)
- Data table showing Zebra Mussel and Unionid Mussel density in the Hudson River over several years.
- Students need to describe the relationship between Zebra Mussel and Unionid Mussel population density in the Hudson River based on the data.
Survivorship Curves (Page 18 , 19, 20,21)
- Type I: High survivorship early in life, rapid decrease in survivorship in old age.
- Type II: Steadily decreasing survivorship throughout life.
- Type III: High mortality early in life, slow decline in survivorship in midlife, and fewer make it to old age.
- K-selected species typically follow Type I or Type II curves.
- R-selected species typically follow Type III curves
FRQ Practice (Page 22, 30 , 39)
- Students need to conduct specific analyses associated with specific charts/graphs.
Carrying Capacity (Page 24 , 25, 26, 27, 28, 37 )
- The maximum population size that a given environment can sustainably support.
- Factors that impact population size includes food, water, habitat, and space.
- If the population grows in size past the environmental limits, overshoot and die-offs occur.
- Carrying Capacity (k): The maximum number of individuals in a population that an ecosystem can support based on limiting resources.
Biotic Potential vs. Environmental Resistance (Page 37)
- Biotic Potential: Maximum potential growth rate, occurs when resources aren't limiting.
- Environmental Resistance: Factors limiting the population growth due to limits like competition, disease, etc.
Calculating Population Change (Page 38)
- Formula: Population Size = (Immigrations + Births) - (Emigrations + Deaths).
Population Characteristics (Size, Density, Distribution, and Sex Ratio)
- Size (N): total number of individuals in a given area.
- Density: number of individuals per unit area.
- Distribution: the pattern in which individuals are spaced (random, uniform, clumped).
- Sex Ratio: ratio of males to females in a population.
Factors Affecting Human Population Growth (Page 65)
- Factors increasing population growth rate: Higher TFR, high infant mortality rate, high immigration level.
- Factors decreasing population growth rate: High death rate, High infant mortality rate, Increased development (education & affluence), Increased education for women, Delayed age of first child, Postponement of marriage age.
Standard of Living Indicators
- Life Expectancy: Average age individuals in a given country reach.
- Gross Domestic Product (GDP): Key economic indicator of a community's standard of living. Total value of goods & services produced.
Demographic Transition (Page 68, 69)
Stages of Demographic transition model (DTM).
- Stage 1: High birth & death rates, stable population, Pre-industrialized.
- Stage 2: Declining death rates, high birth rates, rapidly growing population, Industrializing.
- Stage 3: Falling birth & death rates, population growth rate slows, Developed.
- Stage 4: Low birth & death rates, stable or declining population, Post-industrialized nations.
Industrialization and Development Status (Page 70, 71)
- Industrialization: Transition from agrarian to industrial economies.
- Pre-Industrialized Nations: Agrarian-based, low GDP.
- Industrializing Nations: Transitioning from agrarian to industrial economies.
- Industrialized Nations: Developed economy, high GDP, low TFR.
Factors Affecting TFR (Page 79)
- Development (Affluence): More developed countries usually have lower TFRs.
- More education: Women with more education tend to choose to have fewer children.
- More economic opportunities: Women’s choices about having children are tied to their economics.
- Higher access to family planning: Access to contraceptives, healthcare, planning education, and family planning.
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Description
This quiz explores concepts related to population growth, including factors that influence it and health indicators of a country's standard of living. Questions cover r-selected and K-selected species, parental care, and the implications of infant mortality rates. Test your knowledge on how education and other factors affect population dynamics.