Polysystem Theory and Descriptive Translation Studies

<p>It tends to overgeneralize and may cling to outdated frameworks. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Initial Norm (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Accountability Norm (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Simplifying source text relations to fit target language norms. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It can occupy a primary position by innovating the literary center. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They provide ideological and poetological support. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Independent control of ideological, economic, and status components. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Classic Status (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They often override linguistic factors in favor of ideological alignment. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The demand for absolute fidelity to the original author. (A), The notion of the translator as a passive figure. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It can lead to the disappearance or pejoration of identity markers. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Language reflects and constructs personal and cultural identity. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>An alignment with or rebellion against prevailing ideologies. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A belief that the source text has a coherent meaning. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It uses violent imagery to describe the translation process. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Integrating the source text’s meaning into the target language, affecting both. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A sacred intake of meaning enriching the target culture. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A dialectical balance between the source and target texts. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Translation acts as a dialectical process impacting both the source and target cultures. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Being overwhelmed by the complexity of sacred texts. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The translator must navigate and balance cultural nuances ethically. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Literature, including translated works, operates within a larger system of social, cultural, and historical contexts, known as the "polysystem." This dynamic hierarchy is in constant flux, with translated literature occupying primary or secondary positions.

When translated literature is innovative, shaping the literary center of the target culture. Think of it as the "cool new thing" or the cutting edge.

When translated literature is considered peripheral and conservative, conforming to the target culture's norms. It's more about fitting in than standing out.

Analyzing translations as cultural and literary products, taking into account the norms and sociocultural contexts of the societies involved.

General rules or patterns that guide translation decisions and practices, influenced by cultural values and expectations.

The initial decision to prioritize either the source culture or the target culture norms in the translation process. This sets the overall direction of the translation.

The idea that over time, translations become more standardized and aligned with the norms of the target language and culture.

The tendency for features of the source text to carry over into the target text, sometimes positively (enriching) and sometimes negatively (disturbing) the translation.

The dominant styles, symbols, and functions of literature within a society.

The process of gaining support or funding from external entities, often involving ideological, economic, and status considerations.

A literary work's recognition as a cornerstone of a field, often solidified by inclusion in educational systems and anthologies.

Translation choices influenced by the translator's ideological beliefs and adherence to literary norms and conventions.

The idea that translation is often seen as imitating the original, similar to how women's voices have been suppressed in literature and society.

A feminist perspective in translation studies that emphasizes the role of the translator in shaping the final text, valuing faithfulness to the author's overall intentions instead of just the words.

The use of exaggerated, playful, or ironic language, particularly associated with LGBTQ+ culture.

The study of how translation processes reveal and shape cultural differences in LGBTQ+ identity, language, and discourse.

The initial stage where the translator assumes the source text has a coherent, translatable meaning. It involves faith in the text's ability to be understood.

A forceful process where the translator actively extracts meaning from the source text, similar to mining. It involves dissecting and appropriating meaning.

The incorporation of the source text's meaning into the target language, potentially influencing the target language's system.

This stage emphasizes the balanced flow of meaning between the source text and target text, ensuring both are respected and enriched.

Steiner's model highlights that translation is not passive but a dynamic process, constantly reshaping both the source text and target text.

The ethical responsibility of the translator to honor the cultural and ideological nuances of the source text.

The dominance of colonial languages in the global translation landscape, which can lead to the marginalization of other languages and cultures.

The study of specific cases of translation practices, analyzing how they either maintain or challenge power imbalances between languages and cultures.