Pharm: Peptides [Polymyxins]

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Questions and Answers

What are the antimicrobials included in the family Polymyxins?

Polymyxin B and Polymyxin E

What is the ranking of polymyxins according to the WHO list of medically important antimicrobials?

Highest priority critically important antimicrobial

Why are polymyxins considered “last resort” antibiotics?

  • They have a broad spectrum of activity
  • They are highly effective against Gram-positive bacteria
  • They are used to treat carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae (correct)
  • They are commonly used as a first-line treatment for bacterial infections

Describe the absorption properties of polymyxins

<p>There is no oral bioavailability of polymyxin, as it’s null</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary mechanism of action of polymyxins?

<p>Binding to lipopolysaccharides (LPS) on the outer membrane of Gram-negative bacteria (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Polymyxins effect and dependability is:

<p>Bactericidal (A), Concentration dependent (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Polymyxins also have the ability to bind and inactivate ________, also called endotoxin, reducing ________ and ___________ destruction

<p>LPS; inflammation; tissue</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a significant adverse effect associated with the parenteral administration of polymyxins?

<p>Nephrotoxicity (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Polymyxins spectrum of activity is broad spectrum

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In veterinary medicine, what are polymyxin B formulations commonly used for?

<p>Topical otic and ophthalmic formulations for small and large animals (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Human intravenous formulations of polymyxin B are available

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Polymyxins Family?

Polymyxin B and Polymyxin E.

Polymyxins Ranking?

Highest priority critically important antimicrobial.

Why 'Last Resort'?

They are used to treat carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae.

Oral Absorption?

There is no oral bioavailability of polymyxin, as it’s null.

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Mechanism of Action?

Binding to lipopolysaccharides (LPS) on the outer membrane of Gram-negative bacteria.

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Polymyxins activity?

False

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Veterinary Use?

Topical otic and ophthalmic formulations for small and large animals.

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Human IV formulations?

True

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Polymyxins dependability?

Bactericidal

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Polymyxins bind and inactivate?

LPS; inflammation; tissue

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Adverse effect?

Nephrotoxicity

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