20 Questions
What is the purpose of the polymerase chain reaction (PCR)?
To rapidly make millions to billions of copies of a specific DNA sample
At what temperature is the denaturation of dsDNA template performed in PCR?
92–95°C
What is the function of Deoxynucleoside triphosphates (dNTPs) in PCR?
To serve as energy sources for DNA synthesis
Which chemical component of PCR is responsible for reducing the energy barrier during DNA synthesis?
MgCl2
What is the main function of thermostable DNA polymerase in PCR?
To add nucleotides to the growing DNA strand
What is the purpose of PCR primers in the polymerase chain reaction (PCR)?
To initiate DNA synthesis in PCR by matching the sequences at the ends of or within the target DNA
What is the purpose of the denaturation step in PCR?
To disrupt the hydrogen bonds between complementary bases, yielding single-stranded DNA molecules
What is the function of Multiplex PCR?
To produce amplicons of varying sizes that are specific to different DNA sequences
What is the purpose of the extension/elongation step in PCR?
To synthesize a new DNA strand complementary to the DNA template strand by adding dNTPs in 3' to 5' direction
What is the significance of the initialization step in PCR?
It heats the reaction to a temperature required for heat activation of DNA polymerases
PCR is a method used to make millions to billions of copies of a specific RNA sample.
False
PCR is not commonly used in medical laboratory research for applications in biomedical research and criminal forensics.
False
The denaturation of dsDNA template in PCR is performed at approximately 100°C.
False
PCR does not involve amplifying copies of very small amounts of DNA sequences in a series of cycles of temperature changes.
False
PCR primers are not one of the chemical components of PCR.
False
During the denaturation step in PCR, hydrogen bonds between complementary bases are strengthened, leading to the formation of double-stranded DNA molecules.
False
Hot-start PCR is initiated at a temperature of 94–96 °C to activate extremely thermostable polymerases.
True
Multiplex PCR involves amplifying only a single DNA sequence at a time to produce amplicons of varying sizes.
False
The annealing step in PCR involves lowering the reaction temperature to 70–75 °C for 30–40 seconds.
False
Touchdown PCR is a type of PCR that initially has a high annealing temperature which is gradually decreased in subsequent cycles.
True
Test your knowledge on nucleic acid extraction and the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) techniques used to rapidly make millions to billions of copies of a specific DNA sample.
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