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Questions and Answers
What branch of political science focuses on the study of relations between and among states and international political affairs?
What branch of political science focuses on the study of relations between and among states and international political affairs?
What is the primary focus of Empirical Political Theory?
What is the primary focus of Empirical Political Theory?
What is the study of the management and administration of public offices?
What is the study of the management and administration of public offices?
What is the primary focus of Political Theory?
What is the primary focus of Political Theory?
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What is the relationship between Sociology and Political Science?
What is the relationship between Sociology and Political Science?
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What is the primary focus of International Law?
What is the primary focus of International Law?
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What is the primary focus of Behavioral Politics?
What is the primary focus of Behavioral Politics?
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What is the study of how to distribute scarce resources for the benefit of society?
What is the study of how to distribute scarce resources for the benefit of society?
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What is the primary focus of Comparative Politics?
What is the primary focus of Comparative Politics?
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What is the primary focus of Foreign Policy?
What is the primary focus of Foreign Policy?
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Study Notes
What is Politics?
- Derived from the Greek word "polis", meaning city-state, which is the center of economic, social, and political activities
- Definition of politics: The art of governing people and state
- Aristotle defined politics as the most authoritative and master art that guides leaders on how to organize, manage, and govern society and state
- Every decision made in politics affects the life of citizens in a small or large scale
Al-Ghazali and Al-Mawardi
- Imam who occupies the leadership position in politics is responsible for upholding the religion of Islam and managing the affairs of the world
- Imamah has to play the prophetic function to establish religion and manage affairs of society
What is Political Science?
- Scientific study of politics that addresses empirical (factual) and normative (ethical) questions about politics
- Before 1920s, political science was known as the study of politics based on analysis of law and constitution of the state
- After 1920s, traditional approach was no longer relevant, and a behavioral phase began, focusing on quantitative data and scientific methods
Objectives of Behavioralism
- Produce scientific knowledge based on data, evidence, fact, and figures
- Use scientific methods to study politics
Behavioralism Definition of Politics
- Politics involves a set of human interactions in a given society
- Human interactions are based on how the state uses its authority and power to allocate what society needs
- David Easton and Harold Lasswell defined politics as deciding who gets what, when, and how
Traditional vs. Behavioral Approach
- Traditional approach: Studying politics through ethics, philosophy, law, and history (qualitative approach)
- Behavioral approach: Empirical study of politics using quantitative data and methods
Specialization of Political Science
- International Relations: Study of relations between and among states and international political affairs
- Themes: Foreign policy, diplomacy, international organization, war and conflict, international law, and terrorism
Subfields of Political Science
- Political Theory: The theory of politics, dealing with how certain ideas influence society
- Empirical Political Theory: Studies real political events and finds correlation between causes and impact
- Formal Political Theory: Strategic decision-making using concepts such as zero-sum games
- Normative Political Theory: Justification of political standpoints and policies based on normative values and philosophical explanation
- Public Administration: Study of management and administration of public offices
- Comparative Politics: Comparison of two or more political objects to find similarities and differences
- Relationship of Social Science and Political Science: Interdisciplinary approaches with philosophy, history, economics, sociology, psychology, and law
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Description
Explore the foundational concepts of political science, including the definition of politics, its origins, and the art of governing people and the state. Understand how politics affects citizens and the importance of leadership.
