Poisoning Diagnosis and First Aid Principles

Study Notes

Collect anamnesis vitae (patient history) and anamnesis morbi (history of current illness).
Anamnesis vitae includes species, breed, age, sex, reproductive status, vaccination history, and previous medical issues.
Consider current medications, diet, living environment, and presence of other animals with clinical signs.
Investigate recent exposures to harmful substances (herbicides, pesticides, cleaners, automotive products).
Anamnesis morbi involves understanding the timeline of events, initial signs, progression of symptoms, and potential suspicions.

Perform general investigations: assess heart rate, breathing quality, visible mucous membranes, and capillary refill time (CRT).
Conduct special investigations, including laboratory tests of blood, feces, vomit, urine, and any suspicious substances or food.
Post-mortem investigations may be necessary for conclusive evidence.

Isolate the affected animal to prevent further harm or spread of toxins.
Remove all feed, water, and potentially dangerous substances from the environment.
Follow veterinarian's advice for immediate care and decision-making, considering insurance status.

Prioritize the ABCs: airway, breathing, and circulation in critically ill patients.
Manage acute conditions like bloat in ruminants and control seizures or tremors, especially careful with xylazine.
Assess metabolic and medical conditions to create a management plan.
Implement gastrointestinal decontamination techniques as needed.
Provide supportive care throughout treatment for recovery.