Common Causes of Poisoning: Etiology, Diagnosis and Treatment

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Questions and Answers

Which substances were once very common causes of poisoning but are now only rarely so?

  • Thallium compounds
  • Parathion
  • Barbiturates (correct)
  • Cleaning agents

What is the role of modern analytical toxicology and poison information centers in treating poisoning cases today?

  • They diagnose and treat poisoning in the same way for all agents
  • They prevent poisoning from happening
  • They enable treating physicians to address each case individually (correct)
  • They provide universal antidotes for all poisons

What are some examples of chronic poisoning mentioned in the text?

  • Illegal drugs and technical products
  • Cleaning agents and cosmetics
  • Tobacco and ethanol consumption (correct)
  • New consuming habits

Which treatment method for lowering absorption of poisonous substances has been substantially restricted?

<p>Gastric lavage (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which method of inducing vomiting is no longer considered appropriate?

<p>Ipecac syrup (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the preferred method for enhancing the elimination of toxic substances with a long half-life?

<p>Repeated administration of activated charcoal (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What treatment has been successful for life-threatening poisoning with local anesthetics?

<p>Lipid emulsions (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT recommended for lowering absorption of ingested poisons?

<p>Administration of milk to poisoning victims (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What samples should be obtained in the treatment of poisoning?

<p>All of the above (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the recommended dose of activated charcoal for lowering absorption of ingested substances?

<p>0.5–1 g/kg body weight (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

When is the administration of activated charcoal contraindicated?

<p>All of the above (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which enzyme is responsible for the metabolism of toxic substances?

<p>Alcohol dehydrogenase (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the recommended treatment for ethylene glycol poisoning?

<p>Fomepizole (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which substance is commonly used as a 'date-rape' drug?

<p>Gamma-hydroxybutyric acid (GHB) (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the treatment for carbon monoxide poisoning?

<p>Administration of oxygen (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to the text, what percentage of deaths in Germany in 2011 were classified under the ICD-10 codes T36-50 and T51-65?

<p>0.38% (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the main diagnosis for the highest number of in-hospital treatments for acute intoxication in Germany in 2011?

<p>Poisoning with medications, illegal drugs, and biologically active substances (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the most commonly involved substance of non-medical use in intoxications in Germany according to the text?

<p>Alcohols, mainly ethanol (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of poison information centers in Germany according to the text?

<p>To maintain an information-sharing system for cases of poisoning (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following substances is now considered contraindicated for patients who are intoxicated with psychotropic drugs?

<p>Physostigmine (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which group of substances is often involved in poisoning and is best treated symptomatically?

<p>Opioids (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of drugs can induce parkinsonism due to neurotoxic by-products?

<p>Illegal drugs (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which non-opioid analgesic is now taken less commonly with suicidal intent?

<p>Paracetamol (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements is true about the treatment of intoxications?

<p>Intoxications can only be treated symptomatically and with intensive-care measures. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What role do poison information centers play in the treatment of intoxications?

<p>They offer advice and can help organize toxicological testing. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the benefit of ongoing data collection by poison information centers?

<p>It helps refine surveillance measures and provides treatment recommendations. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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