Common Causes of Poisoning: Etiology, Diagnosis and Treatment
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Questions and Answers

Which substances were once very common causes of poisoning but are now only rarely so?

  • Thallium compounds
  • Parathion
  • Barbiturates (correct)
  • Cleaning agents

    • What is the role of modern analytical toxicology and poison information centers in treating poisoning cases today?

  • They diagnose and treat poisoning in the same way for all agents
  • They prevent poisoning from happening
  • They enable treating physicians to address each case individually (correct)
  • They provide universal antidotes for all poisons

    • What are some examples of chronic poisoning mentioned in the text?

  • Illegal drugs and technical products
  • Cleaning agents and cosmetics
  • Tobacco and ethanol consumption (correct)
  • New consuming habits

    • Which treatment method for lowering absorption of poisonous substances has been substantially restricted?

    <p>Gastric lavage</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which method of inducing vomiting is no longer considered appropriate?

    <p>Ipecac syrup</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the preferred method for enhancing the elimination of toxic substances with a long half-life?

    <p>Repeated administration of activated charcoal</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What treatment has been successful for life-threatening poisoning with local anesthetics?

    <p>Lipid emulsions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT recommended for lowering absorption of ingested poisons?

    <p>Administration of milk to poisoning victims</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What samples should be obtained in the treatment of poisoning?

    <p>All of the above</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the recommended dose of activated charcoal for lowering absorption of ingested substances?

    <p>0.5–1 g/kg body weight</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When is the administration of activated charcoal contraindicated?

    <p>All of the above</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which enzyme is responsible for the metabolism of toxic substances?

    <p>Alcohol dehydrogenase</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the recommended treatment for ethylene glycol poisoning?

    <p>Fomepizole</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which substance is commonly used as a 'date-rape' drug?

    <p>Gamma-hydroxybutyric acid (GHB)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the treatment for carbon monoxide poisoning?

    <p>Administration of oxygen</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to the text, what percentage of deaths in Germany in 2011 were classified under the ICD-10 codes T36-50 and T51-65?

    <p>0.38%</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the main diagnosis for the highest number of in-hospital treatments for acute intoxication in Germany in 2011?

    <p>Poisoning with medications, illegal drugs, and biologically active substances</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the most commonly involved substance of non-medical use in intoxications in Germany according to the text?

    <p>Alcohols, mainly ethanol</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of poison information centers in Germany according to the text?

    <p>To maintain an information-sharing system for cases of poisoning</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following substances is now considered contraindicated for patients who are intoxicated with psychotropic drugs?

    <p>Physostigmine</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which group of substances is often involved in poisoning and is best treated symptomatically?

    <p>Opioids</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of drugs can induce parkinsonism due to neurotoxic by-products?

    <p>Illegal drugs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which non-opioid analgesic is now taken less commonly with suicidal intent?

    <p>Paracetamol</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements is true about the treatment of intoxications?

    <p>Intoxications can only be treated symptomatically and with intensive-care measures.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What role do poison information centers play in the treatment of intoxications?

    <p>They offer advice and can help organize toxicological testing.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the benefit of ongoing data collection by poison information centers?

    <p>It helps refine surveillance measures and provides treatment recommendations.</p> Signup and view all the answers

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