Diagnosis of Ethanol Poisoning Quiz

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What is the main treatment in isolated alcohol intoxication?

Performing surgery

Prescribing antibiotics

Administering insulin

Supportive care (correct)

Why is thiamine given in cases of acute ethanol toxicity?

To improve kidney function

To protect from Wernicke’s encephalopathy (correct)

To lower the heart rate

To prevent seizures

What investigation is crucial in cases of moderate to severe ethanol toxicity to detect and correct imbalances?

Serum ethanol level (correct)

Stool sample analysis

Hair follicle testing

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)

In severe ethanol toxicity, what intervention may be needed to address respiratory depression?

Intubation Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of starting dextrose infusion in patients with reduced consciousness?

To maintain blood glucose levels Signup and view all the answers

What condition should a head CT scan help rule out in acutely altered consciousness due to ethanol toxicity?

Stroke Signup and view all the answers

What is the most important factor in diagnosing alcohol withdrawal?

Accurate history taking Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a risk factor for severe alcohol withdrawal?

Admission ethanol level >200 mg/dL Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of administering thiamine in alcohol withdrawal?

To treat or protect from Wernicke's encephalopathy Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is considered a first-line agent for therapeutic sedation in alcohol withdrawal?

Benzodiazepines Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a key component of supportive care in alcohol withdrawal?

Ensuring airway protection Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of performing a complete blood count (CBC) and lumbar puncture in alcohol withdrawal?

To rule out infection (e.g., meningitis) in the presence of fever Signup and view all the answers

What are the classic components of Wernicke encephalopathy?

Encephalopathy, Nystagmus, Ataxia Signup and view all the answers

Which disorder is characterized by memory loss and confabulation in chronic alcoholics?

Korsakoff Psychosis Signup and view all the answers

What is the initial treatment for Wernicke encephalopathy?

High dose IV thiamine Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a typical circumstance of alcohol withdrawal?

Intentional increased alcohol intake Signup and view all the answers

Which medication is commonly used to control agitation and seizures in alcohol withdrawal?

Benzodiazepines Signup and view all the answers

What is a characteristic feature of Korsakoff Psychosis?

Unconscious filling of memory gaps with fabricated experiences Signup and view all the answers

What is the therapeutic target of sedative titration in agitated patients?

To keep the patient alert and calm Signup and view all the answers

What is the Richmond Agitation and Sedation Score (RASS) range for the therapeutic target in alcohol withdrawal?

0 to -1 Signup and view all the answers

What is the maximum cumulative dose limit for phenobarbital monotherapy?

20-30mg/kg Signup and view all the answers

What is the therapeutic plasma concentration range for phenobarbital?

15-40μg/mL Signup and view all the answers

What is the loading dose for phenobarbital monotherapy if the patient has not received benzodiazepines before?

10mg/kg IV Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a contraindication for phenobarbital use?

Acute intermittent porphyria Signup and view all the answers

What is the typical time frame for generalized convulsions to occur after cessation of alcohol consumption?

Within 12 to 48 hours Signup and view all the answers

How do hallucinations differ from delirium tremens in alcohol withdrawal syndrome?

Patients are aware of the hallucinations and distressed by them Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of delirium tremens (DT) in alcohol withdrawal syndrome?

Onset typically within 12 hours of cessation Signup and view all the answers

What is a critical factor in diagnosing delirium tremens (DT) during alcohol withdrawal?

The onset of delirium within 4 days of cessation Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a potential differential diagnosis for delirium tremens (severe alcohol withdrawal syndrome)?

Alcohol intoxication Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a potential complication associated with severe alcohol withdrawal?

Refeeding syndrome Signup and view all the answers