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Questions and Answers
Use of this generally reduces the cost of plumbing ______ installation
Use of this generally reduces the cost of plumbing ______ installation
installation
A relief vent is installed to ventilate the soil and waste pipe and the connecting ______
A relief vent is installed to ventilate the soil and waste pipe and the connecting ______
branches
A battery of fixtures discharges into a common horizontal waste or ______ branch
A battery of fixtures discharges into a common horizontal waste or ______ branch
soil
Wet ventilation is that portion of the vent pipe system where liquid wastes regularly ______
Wet ventilation is that portion of the vent pipe system where liquid wastes regularly ______
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A circuit vent serves two or more traps and extends in front of the last fixture connection of a horizontal branch to the vent ______
A circuit vent serves two or more traps and extends in front of the last fixture connection of a horizontal branch to the vent ______
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The relief vent is provided for waste branches which are ______ vented
The relief vent is provided for waste branches which are ______ vented
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Looped venting is common to beauty parlors, barber shops, dental clinics, and ______ rooms
Looped venting is common to beauty parlors, barber shops, dental clinics, and ______ rooms
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It is not advisable to drain a kitchen sink or similar fixtures into the wet ______
It is not advisable to drain a kitchen sink or similar fixtures into the wet ______
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The principle of ventilation in plumbing helps to equalize atmospheric ______ inside the piping installation.
The principle of ventilation in plumbing helps to equalize atmospheric ______ inside the piping installation.
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The portion of the soil stack above the highest installed fixture branch is known as the ______ vent.
The portion of the soil stack above the highest installed fixture branch is known as the ______ vent.
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The section of the vent pipe system that serves a single trap is referred to as an ______ vent.
The section of the vent pipe system that serves a single trap is referred to as an ______ vent.
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When two fixture traps discharge into a sanitary cross with deflectors, this system is called a ______ vent.
When two fixture traps discharge into a sanitary cross with deflectors, this system is called a ______ vent.
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The ______ vent serves as a terminal for the smaller forms of individual and grouped fixture trap ventilation.
The ______ vent serves as a terminal for the smaller forms of individual and grouped fixture trap ventilation.
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The term used to describe a type of vent that is employed where multiple fixture traps are installed on a horizontal soil or waste branch is ______ vent.
The term used to describe a type of vent that is employed where multiple fixture traps are installed on a horizontal soil or waste branch is ______ vent.
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A ______ cross is a fitting designed with a slight curve in each of the 90° transitions to channel flow in pipes.
A ______ cross is a fitting designed with a slight curve in each of the 90° transitions to channel flow in pipes.
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The portion of the vent pipe system that serves as the relief vent for any back ______ is called the main vent.
The portion of the vent pipe system that serves as the relief vent for any back ______ is called the main vent.
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The purpose of ventilation in plumbing is to maintain a balanced atmospheric ______ inside the system.
The purpose of ventilation in plumbing is to maintain a balanced atmospheric ______ inside the system.
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Plumbing practices have developed to a ______ level with the rise of large buildings.
Plumbing practices have developed to a ______ level with the rise of large buildings.
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One condition that could lead to trap seal loss is ______.
One condition that could lead to trap seal loss is ______.
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Retardation of flow can be caused by the effects of atmospheric ______ or gravity.
Retardation of flow can be caused by the effects of atmospheric ______ or gravity.
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Minor problems like evaporation primarily occur in drains that are not regularly ______.
Minor problems like evaporation primarily occur in drains that are not regularly ______.
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Back ______ can contribute to trap seal loss in plumbing systems.
Back ______ can contribute to trap seal loss in plumbing systems.
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Knowledge of the principles of ______, pressure, and vacuum is essential for proper ventilation of drainage systems.
Knowledge of the principles of ______, pressure, and vacuum is essential for proper ventilation of drainage systems.
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Wind effect can also lead to trap seal ______ within a drainage system.
Wind effect can also lead to trap seal ______ within a drainage system.
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Study Notes
Plumbing Ventilation Overview
- Plumbing ventilation is the part of a drainage system that maintains balanced atmospheric pressure to prevent issues like trap seal loss, flow retardation, and material deterioration.
- Plumbing practices evolved into a scientific discipline with the rise of large buildings and urban congestion.
- Proper ventilation requires a thorough understanding of atmospheric principles, gravity, and siphon/pressure/vacuum principles.
- Tests have shown that smaller diameter waste pipes can serve more fixtures if the plumbing system maintains balanced atmospheric pressure.
Common Problems in Drainage Systems
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Trap Seal Loss: A common problem resulting from inadequate ventilation.
- Siphonage: A major cause, often attributed to negative pressure.
- Back Pressure: Another cause, associated with positive pressure.
- Evaporation: A less common but possible cause, mainly impacting floor drains.
- Capillary Action: Foreign objects or materials can disrupt trap seals.
- Wind Effect: External pressure changes can negatively influence trap efficiency.
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Retardation of Flow: Movement of material is slowed due to pressure differences. Analogy: pouring milk from a can illustrates this principle. Plumbing systems address this by equalizing atmospheric pressure.
Ventilation System Types
- Main and Soil Vent: The portion of the soil stack above the highest installed fixture, serving as the terminal for other vent pipes.
- Main Vent: The terminal vent for smaller individual or grouped fixture traps. Extends above the roof and connects to the main soil vent. Also acts as a relief vent for back pressure.
- Individual Vent: Serves a single trap and is often called a Back Vent. A very effective way to prevent negative/positive pressure issues.
- Unit Vent: Ventilates two or more fixture traps, discharging into a sanitary cross. Often used in identical situations.
- Circuit or Loop Vent: Used when two or more fixture traps drain through the same horizontal soil/waste branch. Helps reduce plumbing installation costs.
- Relief Vent: Branches from the vent stack and is connected to horizontal branches between fixture branches and the soil/waste stack. A common ventilation method. Designed for air circulation which is important between the vent stack and the soil/waste stack.
- Looped Vent: Serves a group of fixtures. Creates a looped system.
- Wet Ventilation: This often consists of liquid wastes. It is not recommended to use for kitchen sinks or similar fixtures due to potential negative pressure issues, especially for large amounts of discharge.
Additional Concepts
- Sanitary Cross: A type of pipe cross fitting used for soil pipes with curves to channel flow from branch lines to the main flow.
- Battery of Fixtures: A group of similar adjacent fixtures draining together into a common waste or soil branch.
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Description
This quiz covers essential concepts relating to plumbing ventilation and its importance in drainage systems. It discusses common problems like trap seal loss and how to maintain balanced atmospheric pressure. Ideal for those studying plumbing systems in detail.
