Pleural Diseases and Pulmonary Embolism Quiz
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Questions and Answers

Which membrane lines the pleural cavity and produces a sterile serous fluid?

  • Visceral pleura
  • Parietal pleura
  • Mesothelium (correct)
  • Pleural neoplasms
  • What is the potential space between the visceral and parietal pleura called?

  • Pneumothorax
  • Pleural effusions
  • Pleural cavity (correct)
  • Empyema
  • Which condition is characterized by the presence of pus in the pleural cavity?

  • Haemothorax
  • Empyema (correct)
  • Pleural effusions
  • Pneumothorax
  • Which condition is characterized by the presence of blood in the pleural cavity?

    <p>Haemothorax</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following conditions is characterized by the presence of air in the pleural cavity?

    <p>Pneumothorax</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a mechanism involved in pleural effusion?

    <p>Decreased vascular permeability</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of pleural effusion is characterized by the presence of high protein and LDH levels in the pleural fluid?

    <p>Exudative</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which condition can lead to pleural effusion through the mechanism of decreased plasma oncotic pressure?

    <p>Cirrhosis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which mechanism is responsible for pleural effusion in cancer?

    <p>Lymphatic obstruction</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which mechanisms are primarily responsible for the development of exudative pleural effusion in pneumonia?

    <p>Inflammation and increased capillary permeability</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a characteristic of primary spontaneous pneumothorax?

    <p>More common in males than females</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main difference between open pneumothorax and tension pneumothorax?

    <p>In open pneumothorax, air can exit the pleural cavity but cannot exit in tension pneumothorax</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the initial management for tension pneumothorax?

    <p>Immediate needle decompression with a simple hypodermic needle</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where is the recommended site for needle decompression in tension pneumothorax?

    <p>2nd intercostal space (ICS), midclavicular line (MCL)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What confirms the diagnosis of tension pneumothorax during needle decompression?

    <p>Gush of air</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of pneumothorax is more severe, presents with sudden onset of breathlessness, and is associated with underlying lung diseases?

    <p>Spontaneous secondary pneumothorax</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of pneumothorax is caused by blunt trauma to the chest?

    <p>Traumatic pneumothorax</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In open pneumothorax, there is a tear in the pleura that establishes a connection between the pleural cavity and the:

    <p>Outside environment</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Tension pneumothorax occurs when:

    <p>There is a tear in the pleura that acts as a one-way valve, allowing air to enter but not exit during expiration.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is the most common cause of hemothorax?

    <p>Blunt chest trauma</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do microorganisms gain entry into the pleural cavity in cases of empyema?

    <p>All of the above</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a symptom of hemothorax?

    <p>Pleuritic chest pain</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following microorganisms are involved in empyema?

    <p>E. coli</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which finding is consistent with a normal respiratory examination?

    <p>Resonant percussion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which finding is associated with pleural effusion?

    <p>Reduced air entry during auscultation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which finding is consistent with pneumothorax?

    <p>Reduced air entry during auscultation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    A patient shows hyper resonant percussion and decreased chest expansion on examination. Which condition is the most probable cause?

    <p>Pneumothorax</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is the most common cause of pulmonary embolism?

    <p>Thrombus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a risk factor for developing venous thromboembolism (VTE)?

    <p>All of the above</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a symptom of deep vein thrombosis (DVT)?

    <p>Swelling, redness, and pain of the affected leg</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a benign pleural neoplasm?

    <p>Mesothelioma</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the common site of origin for metastatic pleural neoplasms?

    <p>Lungs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which condition is associated with exposure to asbestos?

    <p>Mesothelioma</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following medications is associated with an increased risk of venous thromboembolism (VTE)?

    <p>Oral contraceptives (OCP)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which symptom is most commonly associated with acute massive pulmonary embolism?

    <p>Syncope</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which sign is typically observed in patients with acute small or medium pulmonary embolism?

    <p>Fever</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the two important consequences of pulmonary arterial occlusion?

    <p>Hemodynamic compromise and respiratory compromise</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a potential outcome of a massive pulmonary embolism or chronic pulmonary embolism?

    <p>Pulmonary hypotension</p> Signup and view all the answers

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