Plants Reproduction Overview

Created by

@ImpeccableImagery

Study Notes

Pollination is the transfer of pollen grains from the anther to the stigma of a flower.

Animal-Pollinated Flowers:
- Brightly colored petals to attract animals
- Sweet scent and nectar
- Anthers and stigma inside flowers
- Heavier pollen grains with spikes to stick to animals
Wind-Pollinated Flowers:
- Small, dull colored or no petals
- No sweet scent or nectar
- Anthers and feathery stigma outside flower
- Light pollen grains with a smooth surface

Why do seeds need to grow away from parent plants?
- To prevent overcrowding and competition for resources like sunlight and water.
By Wind:
- Seeds are light and small
- Some have wing-like structures to stay in the air
- Examples: shorea, angsana, grass
By Water:
- Fruits have waterproof coverings or fibrous husks
- Float on water
- Examples: lotus, coconut, water lily
By Animal:
- Fruits that attract animals:
  - Colorful, sweet, fleshy/juicy fruits
  - Animals disperse seeds when they eat the fruit or pass them out in their droppings
  - Examples: mangoes, cherries, tomatoes
- Fruits with sticky or hooked structures:
  - Sticky or hooked fruits stick to animal fur to disperse the seed
  - Examples: love grass, mimosa
- Fruits that split open:
  - Some split open as they ripen to disperse their seeds
  - Others split open when the fruits dry to disperse the seeds

Seed parts:
- Seed coat
- Seed leaf
- Baby plant
Root growth:
- The root grows first and gets its food from the seed leaf.
Shoot growth:
- The shoot, with leaves, emerges and the plant develops to make its food
Seed leaf decrease:
- As the plant develops the seed leaves decrease in size
Growth into adult plant:
- The seedling grows into an adult plant that produces flowers.