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Questions and Answers
Why does a light microscope limit the observation of all cellular components in a stained onion cell?
Why does a light microscope limit the observation of all cellular components in a stained onion cell?
- Light microscopes lack the resolution to visualize structures smaller than the wavelength of visible light. (correct)
- The cover slip distorts the image, preventing clear observation of all components.
- The iodine stain obscures smaller organelles, rendering them invisible.
- Onion cells are too thick for light to effectively penetrate, resulting in poor image quality.
Plant cells depend solely on mitochondria for energy production, similar to animal cells.
Plant cells depend solely on mitochondria for energy production, similar to animal cells.
False (B)
Explain how the presence of a cell wall and chloroplasts in plant cells contributes to their unique functional capabilities compared to animal cells.
Explain how the presence of a cell wall and chloroplasts in plant cells contributes to their unique functional capabilities compared to animal cells.
The cell wall provides structural support and protection, enabling plants to maintain their shape and withstand turgor pressure. Chloroplasts enable photosynthesis, converting sunlight into chemical energy, which animal cells cannot do.
In plant cells, ________ are responsible for photosynthesis.
In plant cells, ________ are responsible for photosynthesis.
Which organelle is primarily responsible for modifying, packaging, and distributing proteins within a cell?
Which organelle is primarily responsible for modifying, packaging, and distributing proteins within a cell?
Match the following organelles with their primary function:
Match the following organelles with their primary function:
Which structural component is primarily responsible for providing rigidity and shape to plant cells, distinguishing them from animal cells?
Which structural component is primarily responsible for providing rigidity and shape to plant cells, distinguishing them from animal cells?
The cell membrane in plant cells is primarily composed of cellulose, providing structural support equivalent to the cell wall.
The cell membrane in plant cells is primarily composed of cellulose, providing structural support equivalent to the cell wall.
What is the primary role of the nucleus within a plant cell, and what key structures does it contain?
What is the primary role of the nucleus within a plant cell, and what key structures does it contain?
The jelly-like substance within a plant cell, known as the __________, provides a medium for chemical reactions and houses various organelles.
The jelly-like substance within a plant cell, known as the __________, provides a medium for chemical reactions and houses various organelles.
Match the plant cell structure with its primary function:
Match the plant cell structure with its primary function:
Which of the following best describes the primary function of chloroplasts within plant cells?
Which of the following best describes the primary function of chloroplasts within plant cells?
If a plant cell is placed in a hypotonic solution, which structure primarily prevents the cell from bursting due to the influx of water?
If a plant cell is placed in a hypotonic solution, which structure primarily prevents the cell from bursting due to the influx of water?
Animal cells contain chloroplasts for photosynthesis.
Animal cells contain chloroplasts for photosynthesis.
What is the primary storage carbohydrate in animal cells?
What is the primary storage carbohydrate in animal cells?
Plant and animal cells both use cellulose as the primary component of their cell membranes to regulate permeability.
Plant and animal cells both use cellulose as the primary component of their cell membranes to regulate permeability.
__________ carry DNA, which stores genetic information.
__________ carry DNA, which stores genetic information.
Explain the functional significance of the selective permeability of the cell membrane in maintaining cellular homeostasis.
Explain the functional significance of the selective permeability of the cell membrane in maintaining cellular homeostasis.
The __________ is analogous to the control center of the plant cell, dictating the cell's activities through the information encoded within its __________.
The __________ is analogous to the control center of the plant cell, dictating the cell's activities through the information encoded within its __________.
Match the cell type with its primary role.
Match the cell type with its primary role.
Which of the following structures are present in plant cells but absent in animal cells?
Which of the following structures are present in plant cells but absent in animal cells?
The absence of a cell wall in animal cells would not affect their overall structure.
The absence of a cell wall in animal cells would not affect their overall structure.
Name one energy production happens inside animal cells?
Name one energy production happens inside animal cells?
In plant cells, __________ grains are products of photosynthesis
In plant cells, __________ grains are products of photosynthesis
Why do scientists prepare onion cells by taking one sheet of cells from the epidermis of the onion?
Why do scientists prepare onion cells by taking one sheet of cells from the epidermis of the onion?
Flashcards
Chloroplasts
Chloroplasts
Organelles in plant cells responsible for photosynthesis, containing chlorophyll.
Vacuole
Vacuole
A fluid-filled sac in plant and animal cells that stores water, nutrients, and waste, helping to maintain cell shape.
Cell Membrane
Cell Membrane
The semi-permeable barrier surrounding a cell that regulates the movement of substances in and out.
Lysosomes
Lysosomes
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Golgi Apparatus
Golgi Apparatus
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Plant vs. Animal Cells
Plant vs. Animal Cells
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Cells
Cells
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Cell Wall
Cell Wall
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Cellulose
Cellulose
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Cell Wall Functions
Cell Wall Functions
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Selectively Permeable
Selectively Permeable
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Cytoplasm
Cytoplasm
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Organelles
Organelles
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Nucleus
Nucleus
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Chromosomes
Chromosomes
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Chlorophyll
Chlorophyll
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Mitochondria
Mitochondria
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Epidermal Cells
Epidermal Cells
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Guard Cells
Guard Cells
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Root Hair
Root Hair
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Study Notes
- The objective is to compare structural differences between plant and animal cells by identifying key organelles.
- A further aim is to explain the function of the listed organelles.
Thinking About Cells
- Consider exploring a cell and what features would be most interesting
Visualizing Cells
- Bacterial cells are visualized along with animal and plant cells.
- Bacterial cells can be gram-negative with flagellum, peripheral protein, and carbohydrates.
- Key bacteria shapes: Spirilla (spiral-shaped), Bacilli (rod-shaped), and Cocci (sphere-shaped).
- Animal cells comprise the plasma membrane, microtubules, rough endoplasmic reticulum, ribosomes, mitochondria, and other internal structures.
- Plant cells contain chloroplasts, a central vacuole, chromosomes, a cell wall, and several other recognizable parts.
- Animal and Plant cells are visualized.
Comparing Plant and Animal Cells
- Animal and plant organelles are compared and contrasted
- Plant cells have cell walls, large vacuoles, chloroplasts, and flagella only in gametes.
- Animal cells have ribosomes, a nucleus, cytoplasm, and flagella.
- Both plant and animal cells contain mitochondria, a Golgi apparatus, rough and smooth endoplasmic reticulum.
Cell Structure and Function
- Cell membrane controls the transport of substances into a cell.
- Mitochondria is where energy is released.
- Ribosomes are where proteins are made
- Structures inside the cell nucleus that contain DMA include the Nucleus and Chromosomes
Cell Study Questions
- Plant cells differ from animal cells and bacterial cells because they contain chloroplasts and a cell wall.
- The absence of a cell wall in animal cells affects their overall structure and function compared to plant cells, impacting their ability to perform specific processes like photosynthesis and energy production.
- Light microscopes expose only the cell membrane, cytoplasm, and nucleus, electron microscopes could be used for further observation.
- Chloroplasts perform photosynthesis in plant cells. -A vacuole is a fluid-filled sac that helps maintain cell shape and store material.
- The cell membrane is a semi-permeable barrier that controls what enters and exits the cell.
- Lysosomes are responsible for breaking down cellular waste and debris.
- The Golgi apparatus modifies, packages, and distributes proteins.
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Description
Study the structural differences between plant and animal cells by identifying key organelles. Explore the unique components of each cell type, including cell walls in plant cells and the absence of chloroplasts in animal cells. Understand the specific functions of these organelles within the cell.
