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Questions and Answers
What type of tissue is collenchyma primarily characterized by?
What type of tissue is collenchyma primarily characterized by?
- Thickened corners of cell walls (correct)
- Variable shapes of short cells
- Dead protoplasts at maturity
- Lignified secondary walls
Which form of collenchyma has thickenings on the tangential wall?
Which form of collenchyma has thickenings on the tangential wall?
- Lacunar collenchyma
- Lamellar collenchyma (correct)
- Angular collenchyma
- Sclerenchyma
Which of the following describes sclerenchyma cells?
Which of the following describes sclerenchyma cells?
- Interconnected cells with high water content
- Living cells with thickened walls
- Cells that have lignified secondary walls (correct)
- Cells that provide flexibility
What is a characteristic of sclereids?
What is a characteristic of sclereids?
Where in the plant are fibers primarily found?
Where in the plant are fibers primarily found?
What is the primary function of parenchyma tissue?
What is the primary function of parenchyma tissue?
Which type of parenchyma is characterized by intercellular spaces filled with air?
Which type of parenchyma is characterized by intercellular spaces filled with air?
What type of cells in chlorenchyma are elongated and compactly arranged?
What type of cells in chlorenchyma are elongated and compactly arranged?
Which type of ground tissue provides rigid support and protection?
Which type of ground tissue provides rigid support and protection?
What characterizes the vacuoles in parenchyma cells?
What characterizes the vacuoles in parenchyma cells?
Which type of parenchyma is primarily found in leaves and is involved in photosynthesis?
Which type of parenchyma is primarily found in leaves and is involved in photosynthesis?
Which characteristic is NOT associated with parenchyma tissue?
Which characteristic is NOT associated with parenchyma tissue?
What distinguishes prosenchyma from other types of parenchyma?
What distinguishes prosenchyma from other types of parenchyma?
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Study Notes
Ground Tissue System
- Parenchyma is a type of plant tissue that performs various metabolic functions like photosynthesis, storage and secretion.
- Parenchyma cells are the building blocks of parenchyma tissue, characterized by thin primary cell walls, large vacuoles for storage, and the ability to differentiate into other cell types.
- Collenchyma is a simple, flexible tissue that provides support in young plants.
- Collenchyma cells are characterized by unevenly thickened cell walls, especially in the corners.
- Sclerenchyma is a strong and rigid tissue that provides mechanical support and protection in plants.
- Sclerenchyma cells have thick, lignified secondary cell walls, which are often dead at maturity.
Types of Parenchyma
- Aerenchyma is a type of parenchyma with large air spaces, aiding in aeration and buoyancy, particularly in aquatic plants.
- Chlorenchyma is parenchyma specialized for photosynthesis, abundant in leaves and young shoots.
- Palisade cells are elongated and compactly arranged.
- Spongy cells are irregularly shaped and loosely arranged.
- Prosenchyma is a type of parenchyma with elongated cells and thick walls, serving as supporting tissue, commonly found in seeds.
- Armed Parenchyma features stellate (star-shaped) cells with inward projections of the cell wall, resembling arms.
Types of Sclerenchyma Cells
- Sclereids are short, variable shaped cells, typically found in hard structures like nutshells and fruit stones.
- Fibers are long, tapered cells usually grouped together, abundant in wood, bark, and leaf veins.
Classification of Sclereids
- Asterosclereids are star-shaped sclereids.
- Macrosclereids resemble palisade cells.
- Osteosclereids have bone-like shapes with enlarged ends.
- Brachysclereids are isodiametric, similar to parenchyma.
- Trichosclereids are hard, needle-like, branched cells.
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