Plant Disease Symptoms Overview

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Questions and Answers

What are disease symptoms in plants?

Unwanted changes that appear on the plant as a result of infection with a disease.

Which of the following describes discoloration in plants?

Change in the natural green color of the plant. (correct)

Death of specific spots of the plant.

Quick death for a part of the plant.

Decomposition of affected tissues.

What does wilting in plants indicate?

The plant loses more water than it absorbs, leading to less swelling.

The term for the quick death of a large part of a plant is called __________.

blight Signup and view all the answers

What type of symptoms is associated with tumors in plants?

Rapid cell division or increase in cell size. Signup and view all the answers

Rot is defined as the death and decomposition of affected tissues, often occurring in water-rich parts.

True Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is an example of a symptom of stunting?

Small size of the plant. Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary characteristic of scab in plants?

Death of superficial spots that are high and rough. Signup and view all the answers

Which symptom involves the presence of the pathogen or its structures at the site of infection?

Pathological signs. Signup and view all the answers

Where are microbes found?

Everywhere around us, including water, air, soil, and food Signup and view all the answers

All microbes are harmful to humans.

False Signup and view all the answers

What is one benefit of microbes in food production?

They are used in the manufacture of baked goods and dairy products. Signup and view all the answers

Microbes that help increase soil fertility through nitrogen fixation are known as __________.

Azotobacter and Rhizobium Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a way microbes can cause damage?

Causing diseases in humans, animals, and plants Signup and view all the answers

Match the following microbes to their respective benefits:

Yeast = Used in baked goods Penicillium = Produces antibiotics Mycorrhizal fungi = Increases nutrient absorption Rhizobium = Fixes nitrogen in legumes Signup and view all the answers

What is plant pathology?

The science that studies the relationship between plants and their pathogens. Signup and view all the answers

Microbes are specialized and can infect all living organisms.

False Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Disease Symptoms

Discoloration: Change in natural green color, can be mosaic (specific spots) or yellowing (entire affected area)
Spotting and Perforation of Leaves: Death of plant tissue, spots vary in shape, size, and color
Blight: Rapid death of large plant parts, can lead to death of branches, leaves, flowers, and fruits. Example: Late blight in tomatoes & potatoes.
Canker: Death of surface layer of affected part, leads to cracking and wounds that don't heal
Rot: Death & decomposition of plant tissue, frequently affects water-rich or food storage parts. Example: Black rot in onions
Wilting: Plant loses more water than it absorbs, resulting in loss of turgidity. Two types: Permanent wilting (pathological) and temporary wilting. Example: Fusarmic wilt in tomatoes
Stunting/Atrophy: Plant size reduction (stunting) or affected part size reduction (atrophy) due to lack of food or water
Tumors: Disorder in plant growth regulators leading to rapid cell division or increased cell size. Example: Crown gall in trees.
Rust: Pockets filled with parasite beneath the plant skin, forming raised spots that can burst. Example: Yellow rust in wheat.
Scab: Death of superficial spots on plant part, spots are raised and rough, result from increased growth of tissue followed by explosion and transformation into cork tissues. Example: Ordinary scab in potatoes.

Pathological Signs:

Presence of the pathogen or its structures: Examples include mycelium, spores, sclerotia, bacterial growths.
Example: Powdery mildew in grapes.

Microorganisms

Are found everywhere, including water, air, soil, and food.
Are absent or rare in places exposed to sunlight or treated with disinfectants like alcohol, Dettol, and chlorine.
Are specialized, meaning they can only infect specific organisms.
Microbes infecting plants cannot infect humans or animals and vice versa.

Harmful Microbes

Some microbes can be harmful to humans, but only if precautions aren't taken.
The biggest dangers are the toxins produced by microbes, which can lead to diseases like cancer and damage to vital organs like the kidneys and liver.

Beneficial Microbes

Microbes are vital in producing baked goods, dairy products, and antibiotics.
They decompose dead organisms and help increase soil fertility.
Some microbes are edible.
Microbes like Azotobacter and Rhizobium fix nitrogen, which helps legumes grow and increases soil fertility.

Plant Pathology

The science dedicated to understanding the relationship between a plant and its pathogen.
Aims to understand how pathogens impact plant health.

Plant Diseases

Any deviation in a plant's natural behavior, causing changes in its appearance, physiological functions, or tissue composition.
Typically caused by pathogens.

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Description

Test your knowledge on the various symptoms of plant diseases, including discoloration, blight, canker, and wilting. This quiz covers the effects of diseases on plant health and how they can manifest in different ways. Enhance your understanding of plant pathology through this engaging quiz.