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Questions and Answers
What is the term for the yellowing of plants due to a lack of light?
What is the term for the yellowing of plants due to a lack of light?
What is the term for the excessive growth of plant parts due to infection by pathogens?
What is the term for the excessive growth of plant parts due to infection by pathogens?
What is the term for the abnormal increase in size due to excessively more cell division?
What is the term for the abnormal increase in size due to excessively more cell division?
What is the term for the dark and hard structures composed of dormant mycelia of some fungi?
What is the term for the dark and hard structures composed of dormant mycelia of some fungi?
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What is the term for the reduction in growth due to a decrease in cell division or cell size?
What is the term for the reduction in growth due to a decrease in cell division or cell size?
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What is the term for the yellowing of plants due to infection by viruses, bacteria, fungi, or a lack of iron?
What is the term for the yellowing of plants due to infection by viruses, bacteria, fungi, or a lack of iron?
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What is the term for the death of cells, tissues, and organs resulting from infection by a pathogen?
What is the term for the death of cells, tissues, and organs resulting from infection by a pathogen?
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What is the result of blockage in the translocation system caused by a pathogen?
What is the result of blockage in the translocation system caused by a pathogen?
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What is the term for the drying of plant organs such as stems or branches?
What is the term for the drying of plant organs such as stems or branches?
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What is the characteristic of mildew?
What is the characteristic of mildew?
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What is the term for the discolouration of a leaf, fruit, etc. giving a blotchy appearance?
What is the term for the discolouration of a leaf, fruit, etc. giving a blotchy appearance?
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What is the term for the conversion of green pigment of leaves into other colours?
What is the term for the conversion of green pigment of leaves into other colours?
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Study Notes
Plant Disease Symptoms
- Etiolation: Yellowing of plants due to lack of light
- Chlorosis: Yellowing of plants due to infection by viruses, bacteria, fungi, low temperature, or lack of iron
- Albino: Lack of pigmentation, resulting in white or bleached appearance
- Chromosis: Red, purple, or orange pigmentation due to physiological disorders
Exudation and Overgrowth
- Exudation: Masses of bacterial cells that ooze out to the surface of affected plant parts, forming drops or smears that dry to form a crust on the host surface
- Overgrowth: Excessive growth of plant parts due to infection by pathogens, caused by hyperplasia (abnormal increase in cell division) or hypertrophy (abnormal increase in cell size)
Atrophy and Sclerotia
- Atrophy: Inhibition of growth due to reduction in cell division or cell size, also known as hypoplasia or dwarfing
- Sclerotia: Dark, hard structures composed of dormant mycelia of some fungi, sometimes developed on affected plant parts, considered a sign of disease rather than a symptom
Necrosis, Wilt, and Die-back
- Necrosis: Death of cells, tissues, and organs resulting from infection by pathogens, manifesting as spots, blights, burns, cankers, streaks, stripes, damping-off, and rot
- Wilt: Withering and drooping of a plant starting from some leaves to the growing tip, caused by blockage in the translocation system due to pathogens
- Die-back: Drying of plant organs, starting from the tip and progressing towards the main stem or trunk
Mildew, Rusts, Smuts, and Blotch
- Mildew: White, grey, or brown superficial growth of the pathogen on the host surface
- Rusts: Numerous small pustules growing out through the host epidermis, giving a rusty appearance to the affected parts
- Smuts: Charcoal-like, black, or purplish-black dust-like masses developed on affected plant parts, mostly on floral organs and inflorescence
- Blotch: Large area of discolouration of a leaf, fruit, etc., giving a blotchy appearance
White Blisters and Colour Change
- White blisters: Numerous white, blister-like ruptures on the host epidermis, forming powdery masses of fungal spores
- Colour change: Conversion of green pigment of leaves into other colours, mostly yellow, in patches or covering entire leaves
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Description
Test your knowledge of plant disease symptoms, including necrosis, wilt, and die-back, and their causes and effects on plant health. Identify the characteristics of each symptom and how they impact plant growth. Improve your understanding of plant pathology with this quiz.
