Plant Disease Classification Quiz
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Questions and Answers

What distinguishes viral diseases from physiological diseases?

  • Viral diseases are regarded as living organisms.
  • Viral diseases are less infectious than physiological diseases.
  • Viral diseases do not show the presence of pathogens.
  • Viral diseases can be transmitted between healthy and diseased plants. (correct)

Which of the following is a characteristic of physiological diseases in plants?

  • Presence of signs indicating pathogens.
  • Identified through distinct pathogens.
  • Transmission between diseased and healthy plants.
  • Caused by environmental and physiological disorders. (correct)

What are endemic diseases characterized by?

  • Transmission from human to plant populations.
  • Constant presence in a specific locality year after year. (correct)
  • Widespread outbreaks affecting large populations.
  • Initial rapid spread followed by a decline phase.

What does the term 'epiphytotic' specifically refer to?

<p>Diseases affecting plant populations over a large area. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following represents a common aspect of parasitic diseases?

<p>They can be transmitted between host plants. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a key difference in symptoms between physiological and parasitic diseases?

<p>Parasitic diseases exhibit visible signs of infection. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a factor leading to physiological diseases in plants?

<p>Presence of viral pathogens. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The decline phase of an epiphytotic disease is characterized by what?

<p>Biological equilibrium among host and parasite. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of diseases are characterized by their occurrence at irregular intervals and affecting only a few plants?

<p>Sporadic diseases (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of disease affects only a specific part of the host plant?

<p>Localized diseases (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of diseases perpetuate within seeds and become active during seed germination?

<p>Seed borne diseases (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which classification of plant diseases spreads through the soil and can infect roots?

<p>Soil borne diseases (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which disease typically infects the entire plant body rather than a specific part?

<p>Systemic diseases (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of disease is disseminated through wind?

<p>Air borne diseases (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a classification based on the symptom of plant diseases?

<p>Root diseases (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a common characteristic of water borne diseases?

<p>They transmit through water. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of plant disease cannot be transmitted between plants?

<p>Non-infectious diseases (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a common cause of non-infectious diseases in plants?

<p>Nutritional deficiencies (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is an example of an infectious disease?

<p>Diseases caused by fungi (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Animate diseases are primarily caused by which of the following?

<p>Living pathogenic organisms (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How are non-infectious diseases often characterized?

<p>They arise from physiological disorders. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of injury is caused by unfavorable oxygen conditions in plants?

<p>Black heart of potato (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following diseases is specifically related to a deficiency of boron?

<p>Tip-rot of mango (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following options is NOT a component of plant disease classification?

<p>Number of host plants (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Non-infectious plant diseases

Plant diseases not caused by living organisms. Usually due to environmental factors, nutritional deficiencies, or physiological irregularities.

Infectious plant diseases

Plant diseases caused by living organisms (bacteria, fungi, etc.) or viruses, that can spread from plant to plant.

Animate plant diseases

Infectious plant diseases caused by living pathogens like bacteria, fungi, nematodes, and other organisms.

Freezing injury

A non-infectious plant disease caused by low temperatures that damage plant tissues.

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Heat injury

A non-infectious plant disease caused by excessively high temperatures damaging plant tissues.

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Nutritional deficiency in plants

A non-infectious plant disease resulting from a lack of essential nutrients in the soil.

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Infectious Disease Transmission

The spread of plant diseases from a diseased plant to a healthy plant through various means.

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Physiological disorder

An irregularity in the normal functioning of a plant process that can lead to both infectious or non-infectious diseases.

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Viral diseases

Diseases caused by viruses, considered a link between living and non-living entities, highly infectious.

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Physiological diseases

Plant diseases caused by environmental factors (e.g., temperature, moisture, nutrients).

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Infectious diseases

Plant diseases caused by pathogens (e.g., bacteria, fungi, viruses).

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Endemic diseases

Plant diseases that are constantly present in a specific area.

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Epidemic/Epiphytotic diseases

Plant diseases that spread rapidly over a large area, periodically.

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Endemic Agent persistence

Endemic pathogens persist in their area by surviving on alternative hosts.

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Epiphytotic disease phases

Epiphytotics have two phases: a destructive early phase and a decline phase.

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Classification of plant diseases

Plant diseases are categorized based on spread and severity.

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Sporadic diseases

Plant diseases that occur irregularly and infect only a few plants.

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Localized diseases

Plant diseases restricted to a specific part of the plant.

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Systemic diseases

Plant diseases that spread throughout the entire plant.

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Seed-borne diseases

Plant diseases transmitted through seeds, with pathogens persisting within or on the seed.

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Soil-borne diseases

Plant diseases where pathogens live and spread through the soil.

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Water-borne diseases

Plant diseases spread through water.

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Air-borne diseases

Plant diseases spread by wind.

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Classification of Plant Diseases

Categorization of plant diseases based on various factors, including location of infection, mode of perpetuation and dispersal, and symptoms.

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Study Notes

Plant Disease Classification

  • Plant diseases are classified based on various factors like causal agents, spread, severity, host part affected, and symptoms.

Classification Based on Causes

  • Non-infectious diseases (inanimate): Not caused by living organisms, rather by environmental or physiological problems. Examples include freezing injury, heat injury, and nutrient deficiencies. These aren't contagious, as they're caused by environmental factors and aren't transmittable.

  • Infectious diseases (animate): Caused by living organisms (bacteria, fungi, viruses, etc.). These can spread from diseased to healthy plants.

Classification Based on Spread and Severity

  • Endemic diseases: Confined to a specific region or area, consistently occurring with varying intensity.
  • Epidemic/Epiphytotic diseases: Widespread and severe, affecting large plant populations. They occur periodically.
  • Sporadic diseases: Occur irregularly and affect only a small number of plants, randomly.

Classification Based on Host Part Affected

  • Localized diseases: Affect a specific part of the plant (roots, stems, leaves, etc.).
  • Systemic diseases: Affect the entire plant body.

Classification Based on Perpetuation and Dispersal

  • Seed-borne diseases: Carried within the seed or attached to it. They can affect the whole plant on germination.
  • Soil-borne diseases: Propagated through the soil. Pathogens survive in the soil, infecting roots.
  • Water-borne diseases: Spread through water.
  • Air-borne diseases: Spread by wind, carrying pathogens through the air.

Classification Based on Symptoms

  • Diseases are also categorized based on noticeable symptoms like leaf spots, blights, wilts, rots, etc.

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Related Documents

General Classification of Plant Diseases PDF

Description

Test your knowledge on the classification of plant diseases based on causes, spread, and severity. Understand the differences between infectious and non-infectious diseases, as well as endemic, epidemic, and sporadic diseases. Perfect for students studying plant pathology or agriculture.

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