Plant Cell Organelles

Choose a study mode

Play Quiz
Study Flashcards
Spaced Repetition
Chat to Lesson

Podcast

Play an AI-generated podcast conversation about this lesson
Download our mobile app to listen on the go
Get App

Questions and Answers

Which organelle in plant cells is responsible for maintaining turgor pressure?

  • Mitochondria
  • Vacuole (correct)
  • Golgi apparatus
  • Nucleus

What is the function of the Golgi apparatus in plant cells?

  • Synthesizing ATP
  • Regulating passage of materials
  • Processing proteins (correct)
  • Destroying reactive oxygen species

Which organelle in plant cells has its own DNA?

  • Nucleus
  • Endoplasmic reticulum
  • Microbodies
  • Mitochondria (correct)

What is the function of microbodies in plant cells?

<p>Destroying reactive oxygen species (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which organelle in plant cells is double-walled and involved in ATP synthesis?

<p>Mitochondria (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the endoplasmic reticulum in plant cells?

<p>Processing proteins (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main component of the vacuole in plant cells?

<p>Water (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which organelle in plant cells converts fats to carbohydrates during germination?

<p>Glyoxysomes (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the nucleus in plant cells?

<p>Containing genetic material (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of the cell wall in plant cells?

<p>Maintaining turgor pressure (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which organelle in plant cells is responsible for photosynthesis?

<p>Chloroplasts (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of chromoplasts in plants?

<p>To signal ripeness in fruits (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main component of the primary cell wall in plant cells?

<p>Hemicellulose (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of ground tissue provides flexible structural support in plants?

<p>Collenchyma (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of xylem in plants?

<p>To move water up from the roots to the leaves (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which element of xylem serves as structural support and transport?

<p>Tracheids (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of phloem in plants?

<p>To transport sugars (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of companion cells in phloem?

<p>To regulate osmosis and movement of sugars (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of dermal tissue in plants?

<p>To serve as a protective layer (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which specialized cells are found in the ground tissue and are responsible for photosynthesis?

<p>Parenchyma cells (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Plant cells are bounded by a __________

<p>cell wall</p> Signup and view all the answers

The cell membrane in plant cells is also called __________

<p>plasmalemma</p> Signup and view all the answers

Turgor pressure is responsible for maintaining the __________ of plant cells

<p>cell wall</p> Signup and view all the answers

The Golgi apparatus is responsible for post-processing of __________ in plant cells

<p>proteins</p> Signup and view all the answers

The largest organelle in mature plant cells is the __________

<p>vacuole</p> Signup and view all the answers

Plant cells have a semi-autonomous organelle called ________ that has its own DNA and performs its own cellular housekeeping.

<p>plastids</p> Signup and view all the answers

Chloroplasts, a type of ________, contain chlorophylls and carotenoids and are responsible for photosynthesis.

<p>plastids</p> Signup and view all the answers

Leucoplasts, a type of ________, are colorless and store starch, protein, or lipids.

<p>plastids</p> Signup and view all the answers

The primary cell wall of plant cells is made of several molecules, mainly ________ strands linked together by hemicellulose.

<p>beta-cellulose</p> Signup and view all the answers

The vascular tissue called ________ transports sugars from the leaves or storage tissues to all parts of the plant.

<p>phloem</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of plant tissue is responsible for photosynthesis, starch storage, and wound repair?

<p>Parenchyma (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of ground tissue provides flexible structural support in plants?

<p>Collenchyma (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of ground tissue is lignified and dead at maturity?

<p>Sclereids (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of vascular tissue moves water up from the roots to the leaves in plants?

<p>Xylem (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of vascular tissue transports sugars from the leaves or storage tissues to all parts of the plant?

<p>Phloem (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which organelle in plant cells is responsible for destroying oxides and peroxides created by UV light?

<p>Microbodies (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which organelle in plant cells is involved in the post-processing of proteins from the smooth endoplasmic reticulum?

<p>Golgi apparatus (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of the endoplasmic reticulum in plant cells?

<p>Manufacturing transmembrane proteins (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main component of the vacuole in plant cells?

<p>Water (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of the cell wall in plant cells?

<p>Maintaining turgor pressure (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Mitochondria

A double-membraned organelle that is the power house of the plant cell, responsible for ATP production through cellular respiration.

Turgor Pressure

The internal pressure of the cell's vacuole against the cell wall, essential for cell shape and rigidity.

Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER)

It's a network of interconnected membranes within the cytoplasm, responsible for the synthesis, modification, and transport of proteins and lipids throughout the cell.

Chloroplasts

This organelle is enclosed by two membranes, contains its own DNA, and is the site of photosynthesis, responsible for converting light energy into chemical energy.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Microbodies

These are specialized organelles involved in a variety of metabolic functions, like detoxifying harmful substances and breaking down fatty acids.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Cellulose

The primary structural component of the plant cell wall, providing stiffness and support.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Vacuole

A large, fluid-filled sac within the plant cell, responsible for maintaining turgor pressure, storing nutrients, and excreting waste.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Amyloplast

A type of leucoplast, a colorless plastid, that converts fats into carbohydrates during the germination of seeds.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Nucleus

The control center of the cell, containing the cell's DNA in the form of chromosomes, and regulating most cellular activities.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Cell Wall

This rigid outer layer provides support and protection to the plant cell, composed primarily of cellulose and other polysaccharides.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Lignin

It's a complex organic polymer that makes up the secondary cell walls of xylem vessels, providing rigidity and strength.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Collenchyma

A type of ground tissue composed of living cells with thickened cell walls, providing flexible support and enabling growth and movement for plants.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Golgi Apparatus

It's like a packaging and shipping center within the cell, responsible for processing and modifying proteins synthesized in the ER.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Sclerenchyma

A type of ground tissue composed of dead, lignified cells, providing strength and rigidity to the plant.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Dermal Tissue

The outer protective layer of the plant, covering roots, stems, and leaves, regulates gas exchange and moisture retention.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Hemicellulose

Acting as a binding element in the primary cell wall, it helps hold cellulose fibers together.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Phloem

This tissue transports sugars produced by photosynthesis from leaves to other parts of the plant, relying on companion cells for support.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Companion Cells

These cells are associated with sieve elements in the phloem, providing support and regulating nutrient transport.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Photosynthetic Ground Tissue

This tissue, found in the roots, stems, and leaves, contains parenchyma cells responsible for photosynthesis and storage.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Cell Membrane

Also known as the plasma membrane, this thin, flexible boundary surrounds the plant cell, controlling what enters and exits.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Xylem

This tissue is responsible for transporting water and minerals from the roots to the leaves, providing strength and support to the plant.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Totipotent Cells

Certain ground tissue cells that have the ability to differentiate into specialized cell types, aiding in wound repair and regeneration.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Study Notes

Plant Cell Organelles and Functions

  • Vacuole: Maintains turgor pressure, providing structural support and storing nutrients and waste products.
  • Golgi Apparatus: Involved in post-processing and packaging proteins synthesized in the cell.
  • Chloroplasts: Have their own DNA and are the site of photosynthesis, containing chlorophylls and carotenoids.
  • Microbodies: Specialized for various metabolic functions, including the detoxification of metabolites and breakdown of fatty acids.
  • Mitochondria: Double-walled organelles responsible for ATP synthesis through cellular respiration.
  • Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER): Functions in synthesis, modification, and transport of proteins and lipids throughout the cell.
  • Vacuole Composition: Mainly contains a solution of sugars, ions, and other compounds, contributing to osmotic balance.

Plant Cell Structures

  • Amyloplasts: A type of leucoplast responsible for converting fats into carbohydrates during seed germination.
  • Nucleus: Houses the cell's genetic material and regulates cellular activities, including growth and reproduction.
  • Cell Wall: Provides structure and protection, composed primarily of cellulose, which gives rigidity to the plant cell.
  • Photosynthetic Ground Tissue: Contains specialized cells like parenchyma that facilitate photosynthesis and storage.

Vascular Tissue and Ground Tissue

  • Xylem: Transports water and minerals from roots to leaves; contains lignified tissues that provide structural support.
  • Phloem: Transports sugars produced in leaves to other parts of the plant; relies on companion cells for support and transport regulation.
  • Collenchyma: Ground tissue providing flexible structural support, enabling plant growth and movement.
  • Sclerenchyma: Ground tissue that is lignified and dead at maturity, providing firmness and support.

Additional Notes

  • Dermal Tissue: Protects plant surfaces and regulates gas exchange and moisture retention.
  • Cell Membrane: Also referred to as the plasma membrane, defines the boundary of plant cells, controlling the movement of substances in and out of the cell.
  • Companion Cells: Assist in the transport of nutrients through phloem by maintaining the function of sieve elements.
  • Totipotent Cells: Certain ground tissue cells can differentiate into specialized cell types, aiding in wound repair and regrowth.

Key Terminology

  • Turgor Pressure: The pressure of the vacuole against the cell wall, crucial for maintaining cell shape and rigidity.
  • Hemilellulose: Acts as a binding element between cellulose fibers in the primary cell wall.
  • Lignin: A complex organic polymer providing rigidity and strength to the xylem vessel walls.

Studying That Suits You

Use AI to generate personalized quizzes and flashcards to suit your learning preferences.

Quiz Team

Related Documents

Plant cells and tissues.pptx

More Like This

Plant Cell Organelles Quiz
15 questions

Plant Cell Organelles Quiz

SofterSpring avatar
SofterSpring
Plant Cell Structure Quiz
8 questions

Plant Cell Structure Quiz

AdaptableEpigram avatar
AdaptableEpigram
Plant Cell Organelles Quiz
5 questions

Plant Cell Organelles Quiz

AstonishingCoral avatar
AstonishingCoral
Plant Cell Structure and Function
30 questions

Plant Cell Structure and Function

SmartestGyrolite1845 avatar
SmartestGyrolite1845
Use Quizgecko on...
Open
Browser
Browser