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Questions and Answers
Which organelle in plant cells is responsible for maintaining turgor pressure?
What is the function of the Golgi apparatus in plant cells?
Which organelle in plant cells has its own DNA?
What is the function of microbodies in plant cells?
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Which organelle in plant cells is double-walled and involved in ATP synthesis?
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What is the function of the endoplasmic reticulum in plant cells?
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What is the main component of the vacuole in plant cells?
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Which organelle in plant cells converts fats to carbohydrates during germination?
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What is the function of the nucleus in plant cells?
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What is the role of the cell wall in plant cells?
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Which organelle in plant cells is responsible for photosynthesis?
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What is the function of chromoplasts in plants?
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What is the main component of the primary cell wall in plant cells?
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Which type of ground tissue provides flexible structural support in plants?
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What is the main function of xylem in plants?
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Which element of xylem serves as structural support and transport?
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What is the main function of phloem in plants?
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What is the role of companion cells in phloem?
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What is the main function of dermal tissue in plants?
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Which specialized cells are found in the ground tissue and are responsible for photosynthesis?
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Plant cells are bounded by a __________
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The cell membrane in plant cells is also called __________
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Turgor pressure is responsible for maintaining the __________ of plant cells
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The Golgi apparatus is responsible for post-processing of __________ in plant cells
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The largest organelle in mature plant cells is the __________
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Plant cells have a semi-autonomous organelle called ________ that has its own DNA and performs its own cellular housekeeping.
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Chloroplasts, a type of ________, contain chlorophylls and carotenoids and are responsible for photosynthesis.
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Leucoplasts, a type of ________, are colorless and store starch, protein, or lipids.
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The primary cell wall of plant cells is made of several molecules, mainly ________ strands linked together by hemicellulose.
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The vascular tissue called ________ transports sugars from the leaves or storage tissues to all parts of the plant.
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Which type of plant tissue is responsible for photosynthesis, starch storage, and wound repair?
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Which type of ground tissue provides flexible structural support in plants?
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Which type of ground tissue is lignified and dead at maturity?
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Which type of vascular tissue moves water up from the roots to the leaves in plants?
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Which type of vascular tissue transports sugars from the leaves or storage tissues to all parts of the plant?
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Which organelle in plant cells is responsible for destroying oxides and peroxides created by UV light?
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Which organelle in plant cells is involved in the post-processing of proteins from the smooth endoplasmic reticulum?
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What is the main function of the endoplasmic reticulum in plant cells?
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What is the main component of the vacuole in plant cells?
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What is the role of the cell wall in plant cells?
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Study Notes
Plant Cell Organelles and Functions
- Vacuole: Maintains turgor pressure, providing structural support and storing nutrients and waste products.
- Golgi Apparatus: Involved in post-processing and packaging proteins synthesized in the cell.
- Chloroplasts: Have their own DNA and are the site of photosynthesis, containing chlorophylls and carotenoids.
- Microbodies: Specialized for various metabolic functions, including the detoxification of metabolites and breakdown of fatty acids.
- Mitochondria: Double-walled organelles responsible for ATP synthesis through cellular respiration.
- Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER): Functions in synthesis, modification, and transport of proteins and lipids throughout the cell.
- Vacuole Composition: Mainly contains a solution of sugars, ions, and other compounds, contributing to osmotic balance.
Plant Cell Structures
- Amyloplasts: A type of leucoplast responsible for converting fats into carbohydrates during seed germination.
- Nucleus: Houses the cell's genetic material and regulates cellular activities, including growth and reproduction.
- Cell Wall: Provides structure and protection, composed primarily of cellulose, which gives rigidity to the plant cell.
- Photosynthetic Ground Tissue: Contains specialized cells like parenchyma that facilitate photosynthesis and storage.
Vascular Tissue and Ground Tissue
- Xylem: Transports water and minerals from roots to leaves; contains lignified tissues that provide structural support.
- Phloem: Transports sugars produced in leaves to other parts of the plant; relies on companion cells for support and transport regulation.
- Collenchyma: Ground tissue providing flexible structural support, enabling plant growth and movement.
- Sclerenchyma: Ground tissue that is lignified and dead at maturity, providing firmness and support.
Additional Notes
- Dermal Tissue: Protects plant surfaces and regulates gas exchange and moisture retention.
- Cell Membrane: Also referred to as the plasma membrane, defines the boundary of plant cells, controlling the movement of substances in and out of the cell.
- Companion Cells: Assist in the transport of nutrients through phloem by maintaining the function of sieve elements.
- Totipotent Cells: Certain ground tissue cells can differentiate into specialized cell types, aiding in wound repair and regrowth.
Key Terminology
- Turgor Pressure: The pressure of the vacuole against the cell wall, crucial for maintaining cell shape and rigidity.
- Hemilellulose: Acts as a binding element between cellulose fibers in the primary cell wall.
- Lignin: A complex organic polymer providing rigidity and strength to the xylem vessel walls.
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Description
Test your knowledge on plant cells and their organelles with this quiz. Learn about the unique features of plant cells and how they differ from other types of cells.
