Plant and Animal Cell Organelles and Functions Quiz

Cell Structure and Function

• The organelle that surrounds the nucleus and supports and protects the cell is the cell membrane.

Nuclear Structure

• The nuclear membrane surrounds the nucleus and has pores that allow molecules to pass through.
• The DNA is located in the nucleus of a cell.

Ribosomes and Protein Synthesis

• The nucleolus, which is located in the nucleus, makes ribosomes.
• Ribosomes are responsible for protein synthesis in a cell.
• Ribosomes can be found throughout the cell, either freely floating or attached to the Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum.
• The function of ribosomes is to translate mRNA into a polypeptide chain.

Endoplasmic Reticulum

• The Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum is distinguished from the Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum by the presence of ribosomes attached to its surface.
• The Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum is involved in protein synthesis and transport.

Cell Membrane

• The cell membrane is responsible for protecting and supporting the cell, and is semi-permeable, allowing certain molecules to pass through.
• The cell membrane and the nuclear membrane are distinct and separate structures.
• The cell membrane shares the function of protecting and supporting the cell with the cell wall (in plant cells) or the periplasmic space (in bacterial cells).