12 Questions
Which organelle surrounds the nucleus and supports and protects the cell?
Cell Wall
What is the function of the nuclear membrane?
Allows materials in and out of the nucleus
Where is the DNA located in a cell?
Nucleus
Which cellular structure contains the nucleolus that makes ribosomes?
Nucleus
What is the function of ribosomes in a cell?
Building and transporting substances through the cell
Where are ribosomes located in a cell?
Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum
What distinguishes the Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum from the Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum?
Presence of ribosomes
What is the role of ribosomes in protein synthesis?
Building proteins by linking amino acids together
What is the function of the cell membrane?
Allows materials to enter and exit the cell
Which organelle is NOT involved in the function of the cell membrane?
Mitochondria
What distinguishes the cell membrane from the nuclear membrane?
The containment of DNA
Which organelle shares the function of protecting and supporting the cell with the cell membrane?
Cell Wall
Study Notes
Cell Structure and Function
- The organelle that surrounds the nucleus and supports and protects the cell is the cell membrane.
Nuclear Structure
- The nuclear membrane surrounds the nucleus and has pores that allow molecules to pass through.
- The DNA is located in the nucleus of a cell.
Ribosomes and Protein Synthesis
- The nucleolus, which is located in the nucleus, makes ribosomes.
- Ribosomes are responsible for protein synthesis in a cell.
- Ribosomes can be found throughout the cell, either freely floating or attached to the Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum.
- The function of ribosomes is to translate mRNA into a polypeptide chain.
Endoplasmic Reticulum
- The Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum is distinguished from the Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum by the presence of ribosomes attached to its surface.
- The Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum is involved in protein synthesis and transport.
Cell Membrane
- The cell membrane is responsible for protecting and supporting the cell, and is semi-permeable, allowing certain molecules to pass through.
- The cell membrane and the nuclear membrane are distinct and separate structures.
- The cell membrane shares the function of protecting and supporting the cell with the cell wall (in plant cells) or the periplasmic space (in bacterial cells).
Test your knowledge of plant and animal cell organelles and their functions with this quiz. Identify and understand the roles of the cell membrane, lysosome, cytoplasm, nucleus, rough E.R., nucleolus, smooth E.R., nuclear membrane, ribosomes, vacuole, golgi body, and mitochondria. Explore the essential components and functions of these organelles.
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