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Questions and Answers
What is the study of the functions and processes that occur within living organisms?
Which branch of physiology studies the functions and processes of different species to understand their similarities and differences?
What is the ability of an organism to maintain a stable internal environment despite changes in the external environment?
Which system of the body transports oxygen and nutrients to cells and removes waste products?
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What is the process by which an organism controls its internal environment through negative feedback mechanisms?
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What is the process by which cells communicate with each other through signaling molecules?
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What is the process by which plants convert light energy into chemical energy?
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What is the removal of waste products from the body?
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Study Notes
Physiology
Physiology is the study of the functions and processes that occur within living organisms.
Branches of Physiology
- Human Physiology: Study of the functions and processes of the human body
- Comparative Physiology: Study of the functions and processes of different species to understand their similarities and differences
- Plant Physiology: Study of the functions and processes of plants
- Microbial Physiology: Study of the functions and processes of microorganisms
Key Concepts
- Homeostasis: The ability of an organism to maintain a stable internal environment despite changes in the external environment
- Regulation: The process by which an organism controls its internal environment through negative feedback mechanisms
- Metabolism: The sum of all chemical reactions that occur within an organism
- Energy: The ability to do work, measured in joules (J)
Organ Systems
- Nervous System: Controls and coordinates the body's functions through electrical and chemical signals
- Circulatory System: Transports oxygen and nutrients to cells and removes waste products
- Respiratory System: Brings oxygen into the body and removes carbon dioxide
- Digestive System: Breaks down food into nutrients that can be absorbed and used by the body
- Endocrine System: Produces and regulates hormones that control various bodily functions
- Immune System: Defends the body against pathogens and other foreign substances
- Muscular System: Allows for movement and maintenance of posture
- Skeletal System: Provides support and protection for the body
- Integumentary System: Protects the body from external damage and regulates body temperature
Cellular Physiology
- Cell Membrane: Semi-permeable membrane that separates the cell from its environment
- Cell Signaling: The process by which cells communicate with each other through signaling molecules
- Cellular Transport: The movement of molecules into and out of the cell
- Cellular Respiration: The process by which cells generate energy from glucose
Physiological Processes
- Photosynthesis: The process by which plants convert light energy into chemical energy
- Respiration: The process by which cells generate energy from glucose
- Digestion: The process by which the body breaks down food into nutrients
- Circulation: The movement of blood throughout the body
- Excretion: The removal of waste products from the body
Physiology
- Study of the functions and processes that occur within living organisms
Branches of Physiology
- Human Physiology: Focuses on the human body
- Comparative Physiology: Compares functions and processes of different species
- Plant Physiology: Examines functions and processes of plants
- Microbial Physiology: Studies functions and processes of microorganisms
Key Concepts
- Homeostasis: Maintaining a stable internal environment despite external changes
- Regulation: Controlling internal environment through negative feedback mechanisms
- Metabolism: Sum of all chemical reactions within an organism
- Energy: Ability to do work, measured in joules (J)
Organ Systems
- Nervous System: Controls and coordinates body functions through electrical and chemical signals
- Circulatory System: Transports oxygen and nutrients to cells and removes waste products
- Respiratory System: Brings oxygen into the body and removes carbon dioxide
- Digestive System: Breaks down food into absorbable nutrients
- Endocrine System: Produces and regulates hormones for bodily functions
- Immune System: Defends against pathogens and foreign substances
- Muscular System: Enables movement and maintains posture
- Skeletal System: Provides support and protection
- Integumentary System: Protects the body and regulates body temperature
Cellular Physiology
- Cell Membrane: Semi-permeable membrane separating cell from environment
- Cell Signaling: Process by which cells communicate through signaling molecules
- Cellular Transport: Movement of molecules into and out of the cell
- Cellular Respiration: Process by which cells generate energy from glucose
Physiological Processes
- Photosynthesis: Conversion of light energy into chemical energy in plants
- Respiration: Process by which cells generate energy from glucose
- Digestion: Breakdown of food into absorbable nutrients
- Circulation: Movement of blood throughout the body
- Excretion: Removal of waste products from the body
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Description
Test your knowledge of the functions and processes that occur within living organisms, including human, comparative, plant, and microbial physiology.
