Physiology Quiz

Physiology

Physiology is the study of the functions and processes that occur within living organisms.

Branches of Physiology

• Human Physiology: Study of the functions and processes of the human body
• Comparative Physiology: Study of the functions and processes of different species to understand their similarities and differences
• Plant Physiology: Study of the functions and processes of plants
• Microbial Physiology: Study of the functions and processes of microorganisms

Key Concepts

• Homeostasis: The ability of an organism to maintain a stable internal environment despite changes in the external environment
• Regulation: The process by which an organism controls its internal environment through negative feedback mechanisms
• Metabolism: The sum of all chemical reactions that occur within an organism
• Energy: The ability to do work, measured in joules (J)

Organ Systems

• Nervous System: Controls and coordinates the body's functions through electrical and chemical signals
• Circulatory System: Transports oxygen and nutrients to cells and removes waste products
• Respiratory System: Brings oxygen into the body and removes carbon dioxide
• Digestive System: Breaks down food into nutrients that can be absorbed and used by the body
• Endocrine System: Produces and regulates hormones that control various bodily functions
• Immune System: Defends the body against pathogens and other foreign substances
• Muscular System: Allows for movement and maintenance of posture
• Skeletal System: Provides support and protection for the body
• Integumentary System: Protects the body from external damage and regulates body temperature

Cellular Physiology

• Cell Membrane: Semi-permeable membrane that separates the cell from its environment
• Cell Signaling: The process by which cells communicate with each other through signaling molecules
• Cellular Transport: The movement of molecules into and out of the cell
• Cellular Respiration: The process by which cells generate energy from glucose

Physiological Processes

• Photosynthesis: The process by which plants convert light energy into chemical energy
• Respiration: The process by which cells generate energy from glucose
• Digestion: The process by which the body breaks down food into nutrients
• Circulation: The movement of blood throughout the body
• Excretion: The removal of waste products from the body

Physiology

• Study of the functions and processes that occur within living organisms

Branches of Physiology

• Human Physiology: Focuses on the human body
• Comparative Physiology: Compares functions and processes of different species
• Plant Physiology: Examines functions and processes of plants
• Microbial Physiology: Studies functions and processes of microorganisms

Key Concepts

• Homeostasis: Maintaining a stable internal environment despite external changes
• Regulation: Controlling internal environment through negative feedback mechanisms
• Metabolism: Sum of all chemical reactions within an organism
• Energy: Ability to do work, measured in joules (J)

Organ Systems

• Nervous System: Controls and coordinates body functions through electrical and chemical signals
• Circulatory System: Transports oxygen and nutrients to cells and removes waste products
• Respiratory System: Brings oxygen into the body and removes carbon dioxide
• Digestive System: Breaks down food into absorbable nutrients
• Endocrine System: Produces and regulates hormones for bodily functions
• Immune System: Defends against pathogens and foreign substances
• Muscular System: Enables movement and maintains posture
• Skeletal System: Provides support and protection
• Integumentary System: Protects the body and regulates body temperature

Cellular Physiology

• Cell Membrane: Semi-permeable membrane separating cell from environment
• Cell Signaling: Process by which cells communicate through signaling molecules
• Cellular Transport: Movement of molecules into and out of the cell
• Cellular Respiration: Process by which cells generate energy from glucose

Physiological Processes

• Photosynthesis: Conversion of light energy into chemical energy in plants
• Respiration: Process by which cells generate energy from glucose
• Digestion: Breakdown of food into absorbable nutrients
• Circulation: Movement of blood throughout the body
• Excretion: Removal of waste products from the body