Physiology of Blood Pressure Regulation

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What is the effect of stretch of the atria on afferent arterioles in the kidneys?

Increased secretion of antidiuretic hormone
Constriction of afferent arterioles in the kidneys
No effect on afferent arterioles in the kidneys
Dilation of afferent arterioles in the kidneys (correct)

What is the primary function of low-pressure receptors in atria and pulmonary arteries?

To constrict afferent arterioles in the kidneys
To signal the hypothalamus to increase secretion of antidiuretic hormone
To regulate arterial pressure in response to changes in blood volume (correct)
To increase heart rate in response to increased blood volume

What is the role of atrial reflexes in the regulation of antidiuretic hormone secretion?

To have no effect on antidiuretic hormone secretion
To decrease secretion of antidiuretic hormone (correct)
To regulate heart rate in response to increased blood volume
To increase secretion of antidiuretic hormone

What is the term for the reflex that involves atrial stretch and subsequent dilation of afferent arterioles in the kidneys?

Volume reflex (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of low-pressure receptors on arterial pressure?

Minimize changes in arterial pressure in response to changes in blood volume (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the location of stretch receptors that detect simultaneous increases in pressure in low-pressure areas of the circulation?

Atria and pulmonary arteries (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary outcome of increased atrial pressure on heart rate?

An increase in heart rate to prevent damming of blood in the veins (C) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following reflexes is responsible for increasing heart rate and strength of heart contraction in response to atrial stretch?

Atrial reflex (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary mechanism by which atrial stretch receptors transmit signals to the brain?

Through the vagus nerves (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary outcome of increased blood volume on the kidneys?

An increase in glomerular filtration and a decrease in reabsorption of fluid (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary hormone released in response to atrial stretch, which increases fluid excretion in the urine?

Atrial natriuretic peptide (D) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following reflexes is responsible for increasing arterial pressure in response to cerebral ischemia?

Central nervous system ischemic response (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the low-pressure receptors in the atria and pulmonary arteries?

Detecting changes in blood volume and pressure (B) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following reflexes is activated when the atria are stretched, resulting in dilation of afferent arterioles in the kidney?

Volume reflex (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary stimulus for the chemoreceptor reflex to elevate arterial pressure?

Decreased blood flow and oxygen delivery (C) Signup and view all the answers

At what arterial pressure level does the chemoreceptor reflex become a powerful controller of arterial pressure?

80 mm Hg (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the name of the atrial reflex that increases heart rate in response to increased blood volume?

Bainbridge reflex (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the net effect of the atrial reflexes on the kidneys?

Increased vasodilation and decreased sodium reabsorption (A) Signup and view all the answers