18 Questions
What is the effect of stretch of the atria on afferent arterioles in the kidneys?
Dilation of afferent arterioles in the kidneys
What is the primary function of low-pressure receptors in atria and pulmonary arteries?
To regulate arterial pressure in response to changes in blood volume
What is the role of atrial reflexes in the regulation of antidiuretic hormone secretion?
To decrease secretion of antidiuretic hormone
What is the term for the reflex that involves atrial stretch and subsequent dilation of afferent arterioles in the kidneys?
Volume reflex
What is the effect of low-pressure receptors on arterial pressure?
Minimize changes in arterial pressure in response to changes in blood volume
What is the location of stretch receptors that detect simultaneous increases in pressure in low-pressure areas of the circulation?
Atria and pulmonary arteries
What is the primary outcome of increased atrial pressure on heart rate?
An increase in heart rate to prevent damming of blood in the veins
Which of the following reflexes is responsible for increasing heart rate and strength of heart contraction in response to atrial stretch?
Atrial reflex
What is the primary mechanism by which atrial stretch receptors transmit signals to the brain?
Through the vagus nerves
What is the primary outcome of increased blood volume on the kidneys?
An increase in glomerular filtration and a decrease in reabsorption of fluid
What is the primary hormone released in response to atrial stretch, which increases fluid excretion in the urine?
Atrial natriuretic peptide
Which of the following reflexes is responsible for increasing arterial pressure in response to cerebral ischemia?
Central nervous system ischemic response
What is the primary function of the low-pressure receptors in the atria and pulmonary arteries?
Detecting changes in blood volume and pressure
Which of the following reflexes is activated when the atria are stretched, resulting in dilation of afferent arterioles in the kidney?
Volume reflex
What is the primary stimulus for the chemoreceptor reflex to elevate arterial pressure?
Decreased blood flow and oxygen delivery
At what arterial pressure level does the chemoreceptor reflex become a powerful controller of arterial pressure?
80 mm Hg
What is the name of the atrial reflex that increases heart rate in response to increased blood volume?
Bainbridge reflex
What is the net effect of the atrial reflexes on the kidneys?
Increased vasodilation and decreased sodium reabsorption
This quiz covers the physiological mechanisms that regulate blood pressure, including the role of atrial stretch, atrial natriuretic peptide, and kidney function.
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