Physiology of Blood Pressure Regulation
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Questions and Answers

What is the effect of stretch of the atria on afferent arterioles in the kidneys?

  • Increased secretion of antidiuretic hormone
  • Constriction of afferent arterioles in the kidneys
  • No effect on afferent arterioles in the kidneys
  • Dilation of afferent arterioles in the kidneys (correct)
  • What is the primary function of low-pressure receptors in atria and pulmonary arteries?

  • To constrict afferent arterioles in the kidneys
  • To signal the hypothalamus to increase secretion of antidiuretic hormone
  • To regulate arterial pressure in response to changes in blood volume (correct)
  • To increase heart rate in response to increased blood volume
  • What is the role of atrial reflexes in the regulation of antidiuretic hormone secretion?

  • To have no effect on antidiuretic hormone secretion
  • To decrease secretion of antidiuretic hormone (correct)
  • To regulate heart rate in response to increased blood volume
  • To increase secretion of antidiuretic hormone
  • What is the term for the reflex that involves atrial stretch and subsequent dilation of afferent arterioles in the kidneys?

    <p>Volume reflex</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the effect of low-pressure receptors on arterial pressure?

    <p>Minimize changes in arterial pressure in response to changes in blood volume</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the location of stretch receptors that detect simultaneous increases in pressure in low-pressure areas of the circulation?

    <p>Atria and pulmonary arteries</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary outcome of increased atrial pressure on heart rate?

    <p>An increase in heart rate to prevent damming of blood in the veins</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following reflexes is responsible for increasing heart rate and strength of heart contraction in response to atrial stretch?

    <p>Atrial reflex</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary mechanism by which atrial stretch receptors transmit signals to the brain?

    <p>Through the vagus nerves</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary outcome of increased blood volume on the kidneys?

    <p>An increase in glomerular filtration and a decrease in reabsorption of fluid</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary hormone released in response to atrial stretch, which increases fluid excretion in the urine?

    <p>Atrial natriuretic peptide</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following reflexes is responsible for increasing arterial pressure in response to cerebral ischemia?

    <p>Central nervous system ischemic response</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the low-pressure receptors in the atria and pulmonary arteries?

    <p>Detecting changes in blood volume and pressure</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following reflexes is activated when the atria are stretched, resulting in dilation of afferent arterioles in the kidney?

    <p>Volume reflex</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary stimulus for the chemoreceptor reflex to elevate arterial pressure?

    <p>Decreased blood flow and oxygen delivery</p> Signup and view all the answers

    At what arterial pressure level does the chemoreceptor reflex become a powerful controller of arterial pressure?

    <p>80 mm Hg</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the name of the atrial reflex that increases heart rate in response to increased blood volume?

    <p>Bainbridge reflex</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the net effect of the atrial reflexes on the kidneys?

    <p>Increased vasodilation and decreased sodium reabsorption</p> Signup and view all the answers

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