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Questions and Answers
What is the main role of glycolipids in the cell membrane?
What is the main role of glycolipids in the cell membrane?
- Contain phosphate groups for stability
- Maintain stability and facilitate cellular recognition (correct)
- Facilitate the spread of infection
- Dissolve cell membranes
Which enzymes are produced by pathogenic bacteria to dissolve cell membranes?
Which enzymes are produced by pathogenic bacteria to dissolve cell membranes?
- Sphingomyelinases
- Carbonyl reductases
- Cholesterol esterases
- Phospholipases (correct)
Which molecule is a component of glycosphingolipids but not phospholipids?
Which molecule is a component of glycosphingolipids but not phospholipids?
- Phosphate
- Fatty acid
- Sphingosine
- Ceramide (correct)
What is attached to the amino alcohol sphingosine in glycosphingolipids?
What is attached to the amino alcohol sphingosine in glycosphingolipids?
Which of the following is NOT a subclass of glycolipids?
Which of the following is NOT a subclass of glycolipids?
What is the main outcome of attaching different polar head groups to diacylglycerol?
What is the main outcome of attaching different polar head groups to diacylglycerol?
What type of molecule is a phospholipid?
What type of molecule is a phospholipid?
Which of the following is a molecule with high physiological and metabolic relevance?
Which of the following is a molecule with high physiological and metabolic relevance?
Which lipid serves as the building blocks of other lipids?
Which lipid serves as the building blocks of other lipids?
What type of fatty acids are SFA and UFA?
What type of fatty acids are SFA and UFA?
Which category includes prostaglandins, thromboxanes, and leukotrienes?
Which category includes prostaglandins, thromboxanes, and leukotrienes?
What is the precursor for all classes of steroid hormones?
What is the precursor for all classes of steroid hormones?
Why do steroid hormones need to be attached to plasma proteins for transportation in the blood?
Why do steroid hormones need to be attached to plasma proteins for transportation in the blood?
Which lipoprotein functions to keep its component lipids soluble for transport in plasma?
Which lipoprotein functions to keep its component lipids soluble for transport in plasma?
Where do abnormalities in lipoprotein metabolism generally occur?
Where do abnormalities in lipoprotein metabolism generally occur?
Which type of lipoprotein has the highest density?
Which type of lipoprotein has the highest density?
What is the function of plasma lipoproteins?
What is the function of plasma lipoproteins?
What is the main source of essential fatty acids that must be obtained from the diet?
What is the main source of essential fatty acids that must be obtained from the diet?
Which fatty acid is the precursor of arachidonic acid, which is important for eicosanoid synthesis?
Which fatty acid is the precursor of arachidonic acid, which is important for eicosanoid synthesis?
In phospholipids, what type of group links the polar head and nonpolar fatty acid tails?
In phospholipids, what type of group links the polar head and nonpolar fatty acid tails?
Why are phospholipids considered amphipathic in nature?
Why are phospholipids considered amphipathic in nature?
Which part of a phospholipid molecule points outward to the aqueous environment in cell membranes?
Which part of a phospholipid molecule points outward to the aqueous environment in cell membranes?
Apart from being main components of cell membranes, where else can nonmembrane phospholipids be found?
Apart from being main components of cell membranes, where else can nonmembrane phospholipids be found?
What is the physiological relevance of cardiolipin?
What is the physiological relevance of cardiolipin?
Which function is NOT associated with platelet-activating factor (PAF)?
Which function is NOT associated with platelet-activating factor (PAF)?
Where does the synthesis of glycerophospholipids primarily occur?
Where does the synthesis of glycerophospholipids primarily occur?
Which process results in the conversion of phosphatidic acid to diacylglycerol?
Which process results in the conversion of phosphatidic acid to diacylglycerol?
In phospholipid biosynthesis, what is the precursor molecule for glycerophospholipids?
In phospholipid biosynthesis, what is the precursor molecule for glycerophospholipids?
Which organelle is responsible for modifying newly synthesized phospholipids before they compose cell membranes?
Which organelle is responsible for modifying newly synthesized phospholipids before they compose cell membranes?
What type of fatty acids are the building blocks of lipids?
What type of fatty acids are the building blocks of lipids?
Which lipid molecule is a combination of a fatty acid with an alcohol such as glycerol?
Which lipid molecule is a combination of a fatty acid with an alcohol such as glycerol?
In glycerophospholipids, what is the primary role of the glycerol backbone?
In glycerophospholipids, what is the primary role of the glycerol backbone?
What is the main function of triacylglycerols (TAG) in cells?
What is the main function of triacylglycerols (TAG) in cells?
In what form are fatty acids mainly circulating in the blood plasma?
In what form are fatty acids mainly circulating in the blood plasma?
Why do long-chain-length fatty acids (LCFA) require association with proteins for blood plasma circulation?
Why do long-chain-length fatty acids (LCFA) require association with proteins for blood plasma circulation?
What effect does the presence of double bonds have on the melting temperature (Tm) of fatty acids?
What effect does the presence of double bonds have on the melting temperature (Tm) of fatty acids?
Which aspect of fatty acid structure gives them an amphipathic nature?
Which aspect of fatty acid structure gives them an amphipathic nature?
What structural characteristic defines saturated fatty acids?
What structural characteristic defines saturated fatty acids?
What is the main function of cholesteryl esters (CE) in the body?
What is the main function of cholesteryl esters (CE) in the body?
Why are cholesteryl esters (CE) not found in cell membranes?
Why are cholesteryl esters (CE) not found in cell membranes?
What role does the liver play in cholesterol homeostasis in the body?
What role does the liver play in cholesterol homeostasis in the body?
How does cholesterol contribute to the formation of dangerous plaque formations?
How does cholesterol contribute to the formation of dangerous plaque formations?
Which statement accurately describes cholesterol's role as a sterol?
Which statement accurately describes cholesterol's role as a sterol?
In what form do most plasma cholesterol exist for transport?
In what form do most plasma cholesterol exist for transport?
What is the role of cardiolipin in the cell?
What is the role of cardiolipin in the cell?
Where does the synthesis of glycerophospholipids primarily occur?
Where does the synthesis of glycerophospholipids primarily occur?
What is the function of platelet-activating factor (PAF) in the body?
What is the function of platelet-activating factor (PAF) in the body?
What role does the smooth endoplasmic reticulum (sER) play in phospholipid synthesis?
What role does the smooth endoplasmic reticulum (sER) play in phospholipid synthesis?
What is the precursor molecule for glycerophospholipids in phospholipid biosynthesis?
What is the precursor molecule for glycerophospholipids in phospholipid biosynthesis?
Which organelle is responsible for modifying newly synthesized phospholipids before they become part of cell membranes?
Which organelle is responsible for modifying newly synthesized phospholipids before they become part of cell membranes?
Why must steroid hormones be attached to plasma proteins for transportation in the blood?
Why must steroid hormones be attached to plasma proteins for transportation in the blood?
Which lipoprotein has the highest density among the listed types?
Which lipoprotein has the highest density among the listed types?
Where do abnormalities in lipoprotein metabolism generally occur?
Where do abnormalities in lipoprotein metabolism generally occur?
What is the main function of plasma lipoproteins?
What is the main function of plasma lipoproteins?
In what way do chylomicrons, VLDL, LDL, and HDL differ from each other?
In what way do chylomicrons, VLDL, LDL, and HDL differ from each other?
What is the precursor for all classes of steroid hormones?
What is the precursor for all classes of steroid hormones?
What is the main component of lecithin?
What is the main component of lecithin?
Which type of phospholipid is an important component of the myelin sheath of nerve fibers?
Which type of phospholipid is an important component of the myelin sheath of nerve fibers?
What is the precursor molecule of phosphatidylinositol?
What is the precursor molecule of phosphatidylinositol?
Which alcohol group is involved in the synthesis of Phosphatidylethanolamine?
Which alcohol group is involved in the synthesis of Phosphatidylethanolamine?
What is the main outcome of attaching serine to phosphatidic acid?
What is the main outcome of attaching serine to phosphatidic acid?
Which phospholipid is essential for regulating intracellular signaling, lipid transportation, and vesicular trafficking?
Which phospholipid is essential for regulating intracellular signaling, lipid transportation, and vesicular trafficking?
What is the physiological relevance of cardiolipin in the cell?
What is the physiological relevance of cardiolipin in the cell?
Where does the synthesis of phospholipids primarily occur?
Where does the synthesis of phospholipids primarily occur?
Which organelle is responsible for modifying newly synthesized phospholipids before they become part of cell membranes?
Which organelle is responsible for modifying newly synthesized phospholipids before they become part of cell membranes?
What is the precursor molecule for glycerophospholipids in phospholipid biosynthesis?
What is the precursor molecule for glycerophospholipids in phospholipid biosynthesis?
What is the primary role of platelet-activating factor (PAF) in the body?
What is the primary role of platelet-activating factor (PAF) in the body?
How are glycerophospholipids synthesized?
How are glycerophospholipids synthesized?
What is the term used to describe fatty acids with 13-21 carbons?
What is the term used to describe fatty acids with 13-21 carbons?
Which carbon atom in a fatty acid is referred to as the α-carbon?
Which carbon atom in a fatty acid is referred to as the α-carbon?
What is the reference point used to name double bonds in a fatty acid?
What is the reference point used to name double bonds in a fatty acid?
Arachidonic acid is categorized as an ω-6 fatty acid because:
Arachidonic acid is categorized as an ω-6 fatty acid because:
What is the term used to describe fatty acids with fewer than 5 carbons?
What is the term used to describe fatty acids with fewer than 5 carbons?
What is the function of glycosphingolipids located in the outer parts of the plasma membrane?
What is the function of glycosphingolipids located in the outer parts of the plasma membrane?
Which blood group antigen is associated with the presence of GalNAc as the terminal sugar on the glycan?
Which blood group antigen is associated with the presence of GalNAc as the terminal sugar on the glycan?
What is the main source of arachidonic acid, the immediate precursor of eicosanoids?
What is the main source of arachidonic acid, the immediate precursor of eicosanoids?
Which lipid derivatives are classified as local hormones due to their acting locally and not being stored?
Which lipid derivatives are classified as local hormones due to their acting locally and not being stored?
Which lipid molecule serves as a mediator of allergic response and inflammation?
Which lipid molecule serves as a mediator of allergic response and inflammation?
What is the essential characteristic that distinguishes arachidonic acid from essential fatty acids?
What is the essential characteristic that distinguishes arachidonic acid from essential fatty acids?
What is the structure of cholesterol consisting of?
What is the structure of cholesterol consisting of?
Where are cholesteryl esters (CE) primarily found in the body?
Where are cholesteryl esters (CE) primarily found in the body?
Which molecule is an essential precursor for the synthesis of steroid hormones?
Which molecule is an essential precursor for the synthesis of steroid hormones?
What is the primary source of cholesterol entry into the liver for maintaining homeostasis?
What is the primary source of cholesterol entry into the liver for maintaining homeostasis?
What crucial function does cholesterol perform in cell membranes?
What crucial function does cholesterol perform in cell membranes?
In what form is most plasma cholesterol found for transport?
In what form is most plasma cholesterol found for transport?
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