Physiological Changes in Cardiovascular System during Pregnancy
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Questions and Answers

What is the typical increase in red blood cells (RBCs) by term during pregnancy?

  • 20% (correct)
  • 40%
  • 10%
  • 30%

How much blood loss is estimated during a vaginal delivery?

  • 300-500mL (correct)
  • 900-1000mL
  • 600-800mL
  • 100-200mL

Which position should be avoided during neuraxial anesthesia in the 2nd and 3rd trimester due to aortic compression concerns?

  • Prone position
  • Left lateral position
  • Right lateral position
  • Supine position (correct)

What percentage of patients may experience aortoiliac artery compression during pregnancy?

<p>15-20% (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a common effect of inferior vena cava compression during pregnancy?

<p>Decreased systemic blood pressure (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What physiological change in the respiratory system is attributed to increased estrogen, progesterone, and relaxin during pregnancy?

<p>Increased upper airway narrowing (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary effect of increased progesterone on systemic vascular resistance (SVR)?

<p>Vasodilation leading to decreased SVR (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which blood vessel experiences dilation due to increased relaxin effects during pregnancy?

<p>Renal artery (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

When does cardiac output (CO) decrease to pre-labor levels postpartum?

<p>24 - 48 hours postpartum (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main reason for the increased cardiac output during labor?

<p>Increased heart rate and stroke volume (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does a twin gestation impact the cardiovascular changes seen during pregnancy?

<p>Leads to a 20% higher increase in cardiac output (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What effect does increased renin activity have on sodium and water retention during pregnancy?

<p>Increased retention of sodium and water (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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