106 Questions
What is the relationship between the strength of the electrostatic force and the distance between charges?
Inversely proportional to the square of the distance
What happens when a positively charged glass rod is brought close to a negatively charged plastic rod?
Attraction occurs
What is the result of rubbing a glass rod with silk?
The glass rod becomes positively charged
What is the property of water molecules that causes them to align with their negative sides towards a positively charged rod?
Dipolarity
What happens when a similarly charged glass rod is brought close to another glass rod?
Repulsion occurs
What is the result of bringing a positively charged object close to a stream of water?
The stream of water is attracted to the object
What is the potential difference measured across a battery's terminals when it is not connected to a circuit?
EMF
What is the rate at which charge moves past a fixed point in a circuit?
Current
What is the unit of measurement for current?
Ampere
How does an ammeter measure current in a circuit?
Connected in series with the circuit component
What happens when a charged object is brought near a neutral insulator?
The insulator becomes polarized
What is the characteristic of materials with natural dipoles?
They are neutral overall but have distinct positive and negative sides
What happens when excess charge is placed on a conductor?
The charge spreads out uniformly
What is the result of two identical conductors touching and then separating?
Each conductor has half of the total charge
What is the electrostatic force between like charges?
Repulsion
What is the electrostatic force between opposite charges?
Attraction
What is the driving force that enables the flow of electric charge through a circuit?
Electromotive force
Which of the following is a measure of the energy required to move a charge from one point to another in an electric field?
Potential difference
What is the unit of potential difference?
Volts
How is a voltmeter connected to measure the potential difference across a circuit component?
In parallel with the component
What is the maximum potential difference between the terminals of a battery or power source when no current is flowing?
Electromotive force
What is the purpose of electromotive force in a circuit?
To enable current flow
What is the mathematical expression for potential difference?
V = W/Q
What does a voltmeter measure when connected in parallel with a battery or power source?
The terminal voltage
What is the work done per unit charge in an electric field?
Energy required to move a charge from one point to another
What is the purpose of a voltmeter in a circuit?
To measure the potential difference between two points in a circuit
What is the unit of electromotive force (EMF)?
Volts (V)
What is the driving force that enables the flow of electric charge through a circuit?
Electromotive force (EMF)
What is the type of force that occurs between two like charges?
Electrostatic force
What happens when a negatively charged plastic rod is brought close to a positively charged glass rod?
The rods will attract each other
What is the mathematical expression for potential difference?
V = W / Q
How is a voltmeter connected to measure the potential difference across a circuit component?
In parallel with the circuit component
What is the property of water molecules that allows them to be attracted to a charged object?
Polarity
What is the maximum potential difference between the terminals of a battery or power source when no current is flowing?
Electromotive force (EMF)
What is the result of bringing a charged object close to a stream of water?
The water stream is attracted to the object
What is the energy required to move a charge from one point to another in an electric field equivalent to?
One joule per coulomb
What is demonstrated by the experiment of rubbing a glass rod with silk and hanging it from a string?
The principle of electrostatic force
What is the characteristic of electrostatic force that is observed when two charged objects are brought close together?
It is inversely proportional to the square of the distance
What is the difference between the EMF and the terminal voltage of a battery?
EMF is the potential difference when the battery is part of a complete circuit, while terminal voltage is the maximum potential difference the battery can provide.
What is the purpose of an ammeter in a circuit?
To measure the current flowing through a circuit component.
What happens when a charged object is brought near a neutral insulator?
The electrons and nuclei in the insulator are slightly shifted, creating a dipole.
What is the characteristic of conductors that enables them to distribute charge evenly?
Electrons can move freely through the material.
What is the result of two identical conductors touching and then separating?
Each conductor has half of the total charge after separation.
What is the force that acts between static electric charges?
Electrostatic force
What is the direction of the force between two like charges?
The force is repulsive.
What is the result of polarisation in an insulator?
A dipole is created within the atoms of the insulator.
What is the purpose of the battery in a circuit?
To drive the charges through the circuit.
What is the result of a charged object being brought near a stream of water?
The water molecules are attracted to the charged object.
What is the unit of measurement for potential difference?
Volts
How does a voltmeter measure the potential difference across a circuit component?
It is connected in parallel with the component
What is electromotive force (EMF) equivalent to?
The maximum work done per unit charge to move it through the entire circuit
What is the purpose of electromotive force in a circuit?
To enable the flow of electric charge through the circuit
What is potential difference measured by?
A voltmeter
What is the mathematical expression for potential difference?
V = W/Q
What is the difference between EMF and terminal voltage?
EMF is the maximum potential difference, while terminal voltage is the actual potential difference
What is the function of a battery or power source in a circuit?
To enable the flow of electric charge through the circuit
What is the reason for the attraction between the glass rod and the stream of water?
The glass rod is positively charged and the water molecules are polarized
What is the effect of bringing a similarly charged glass rod close to another glass rod?
Repulsion
Why does the electrostatic force between two charges weaken as they move further apart?
Because the distance between them increases
What is the purpose of the experiment of rubbing a glass rod with silk and hanging it from a string?
To demonstrate the principles of electrostatic force
What is the characteristic of water molecules that allows them to be aligned by an electric field?
They are dipolar
What is the relationship between the electrostatic force and the distance between charges?
The force decreases as the distance increases
What is the main difference between the EMF and the terminal voltage of a battery?
The EMF is higher than the terminal voltage due to internal resistance.
What is the purpose of an ammeter in a circuit?
To measure the current flowing through a circuit component.
What is the characteristic of insulators that prevents them from distributing charge evenly?
Electrons are bound to atoms and cannot move freely.
What is the result of polarisation in an insulator?
A separation of charge within the atoms of the insulator.
What is the force that acts between static electric charges?
Electrostatic force.
What happens when two identical conductors touch and then separate?
Each conductor shares the total charge equally.
What is the direction of the force between two like charges?
Repulsive.
What is the purpose of the battery in a circuit?
To drive the flow of electric charge through the circuit.
What happens when a charged object is brought near a neutral insulator?
The insulator is polarized, creating a dipole.
What is the characteristic of materials with natural dipoles?
They have distinct positive and negative sides while being electrically neutral overall.
What is the primary function of electromotive force in an electric circuit?
To push the charge around the circuit, enabling current flow
A voltmeter measures the potential difference between two points in a circuit when connected in:
Parallel with the circuit component
What is the unit of measurement for the work done per unit charge in an electric field?
Volts (V)
What is the mathematical expression for potential difference?
V = W / Q
What is the energy required to move a charge from one point to another in an electric field equivalent to?
One joule per coulomb
What is the purpose of a voltmeter in a circuit?
To measure the potential difference between two points in the circuit
What is the maximum potential difference between the terminals of a battery or power source when no current is flowing?
Electromotive force (EMF)
What is the driving force that enables the flow of electric charge through a circuit?
Electromotive force (EMF)
What is the primary reason why the terminal voltage of a battery is less than its EMF?
Due to the energy used to drive the charge through the battery
What is the outcome when two identical conductors touch and then separate?
Each conductor will have half of the total charge after separation
What is the characteristic of materials with natural dipoles that allows them to be attracted to charged objects?
Their ability to polarize
What is the purpose of the battery in a circuit?
To drive the flow of electric charge through the circuit
What happens when a charged object is brought near a neutral insulator?
The insulator polarizes and is attracted to the charged object
What is the result of polarisation in an insulator?
The insulator is attracted to the charged object
What is the difference between the EMF and the terminal voltage of a battery?
The EMF is the maximum potential difference, while the terminal voltage is less than the EMF due to internal resistance
Why do the water molecules align with their negative sides towards a positively charged rod?
Because the water molecules are polarised and have a distinct negative region
What is the characteristic of conductors that enables them to distribute charge evenly?
Their ability to conduct electricity
What is the reason for the attraction between a negatively charged plastic rod and a positively charged glass rod?
Because the rods have opposite charges
What is the result of bringing a similarly charged glass rod close to another glass rod?
Repulsion between the rods
What is the direction of the force between two like charges?
Repulsion
What is demonstrated by the experiment of rubbing a glass rod with silk and hanging it from a string?
The attraction between opposite charges
Why does the electrostatic force between two charges decrease with increasing distance?
Because the strength of the electrostatic force is inversely proportional to the square of the distance between the charges
What is the purpose of the experiment involving rubbing a glass rod with silk and hanging it from a string?
To demonstrate the principles of electrostatic force
What is the characteristic of polarised molecules that allows them to align with their negative sides towards a positively charged rod?
They have a distinct negative region
What is the direction of the electrostatic force between two oppositely charged objects?
Towards each other
Why are water molecules attracted to a positively charged rod?
Because water molecules are dipolar and align with their negative sides towards the rod
What happens when two similarly charged glass rods are brought close together?
They repel each other
What is the purpose of the simple experiment with a glass rod and silk?
To demonstrate the principles of electrostatic force
What is the relationship between the strength of the electrostatic force and the distance between the charges?
Inversely proportional to the square
What is the main reason why a charged object can attract a neutral insulator?
The charged object polarizes the molecules of the neutral insulator
What is the characteristic of the electrostatic force that makes it a short-range force?
It is inversely proportional to the square of the distance between the charges
What is the main reason why water molecules are polarized in the presence of an electric field?
Water molecules align with their negative sides towards the electric field due to their polar nature
What happens when a charged object is brought close to a polarized insulator?
The charged object attracts the polarized insulator
What is the main difference between the electrostatic force between like charges and opposite charges?
The electrostatic force between like charges is repulsive, while the force between opposite charges is attractive
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