Physics Flashcards: Work and Forces

Questions and Answers

What is the definition of Work?

Energy acquired by the objects upon which work is done

Energy due to motion

Energy stored in elastic materials

Force acts upon an object to cause a displacement of the object (correct)

What is Theta defined as?

The angle between the force and the displacement vector

What is Negative Work?

Force acts upon a moving object to hinder a displacement (correct)

Energy of motion

Force acts upon an object to cause a displacement

Energy stored due to position

What is the standard metric unit of work?

Joule Signup and view all the answers

What does 1 Joule equal in terms of Newton and meter?

1 Newton * 1 meter Signup and view all the answers

What is the definition of Potential Energy?

Stored energy of position possessed by an object. Signup and view all the answers

What type of energy is Gravitational Potential Energy?

Energy stored in an object as the result of its vertical position or height. Signup and view all the answers

What must be assigned to determine the gravitational potential energy of an object?

Zero height position Signup and view all the answers

What is Elastic Potential Energy?

Energy stored in elastic materials as the result of their stretching or compressing. Signup and view all the answers

What is meant by Equilibrium Position in the context of springs?

The state when a spring is neither stretched nor compressed. Signup and view all the answers

What is Kinetic Energy defined as?

Energy of motion. Signup and view all the answers

What type of kinetic energy is due to vibrational motion?

Vibrational kinetic energy Signup and view all the answers

What type of kinetic energy is due to rotational motion?

Rotational kinetic energy Signup and view all the answers

What is Translational Kinetic Energy due to?

Motion from one location to another. Signup and view all the answers

The kinetic energy of an object is directly proportional to the square of its _____

Speed Signup and view all the answers

What is Mechanical Energy?

Energy acquired by the objects upon which work is done. Signup and view all the answers

What does Mechanical Energy represent?

The ability to do work. Signup and view all the answers

What is Total Mechanical Energy?

Sum of the potential energy and the kinetic energy. Signup and view all the answers

What is Power defined as?

Rate at which work is done. Signup and view all the answers

What is the standard metric unit of power?

Watt Signup and view all the answers

_____ is equivalent to a Joule/second

Watt Signup and view all the answers

How many Watts are approximately equivalent to one horsepower?

750 Watts Signup and view all the answers

What are External Forces?

Applied force, normal force, tension force, friction force, and air resistance force. Signup and view all the answers

What are Internal Forces?

Gravity forces, magnetic force, electrical force, and spring force. Signup and view all the answers

Work is _ work, then the object will gain energy. If the work is _ work, then the object will lose energy.

Positive, negative Signup and view all the answers

What is capable of changing the total mechanical energy of an object?

External forces Signup and view all the answers

What are nonconservative forces?

External forces Signup and view all the answers

When the only type of force doing net work upon an object is an __________, the total mechanical energy of that object remains constant.

Internal force Signup and view all the answers

What are Internal Forces capable of?

Changing the form of energy without changing the total amount of mechanical energy. Signup and view all the answers

What are Conservative Forces?

Internal forces. Signup and view all the answers

If the force and the displacement are in the same direction, then ______ work is done on the object.

Positive Signup and view all the answers

If positive work is done on an object by an _________ force, what happens to the object's mechanical energy?

External Signup and view all the answers

If the force and the displacement are in the opposite direction, the object subsequently loses mechanical energy. This is known as _______ work.

Negative Signup and view all the answers

What is Magnetic Force?

Power that pulls materials together. Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Work and Energy Concepts

Work is defined as a force acting on an object that causes displacement.
The angle between the force applied and the displacement is denoted as theta.
Negative work occurs when a force hinders displacement of a moving object.

Units of Measurement

Joule is the standard metric unit for measuring work and energy.
One Joule is equivalent to one Newton multiplied by one meter.

Types of Energy

Potential energy refers to stored energy based on an object's position.
Gravitational potential energy is specifically related to an object's height above a reference point. The reference height is arbitrary and often set to zero.
Elastic potential energy is stored in materials that are stretched or compressed, like springs.

State of Energy in Springs

A spring in its equilibrium position has no stored elastic potential energy.

Kinetic Energy

Kinetic energy is defined as the energy of motion, which can be categorized into:
- Vibrational kinetic energy due to vibrational motion.
- Rotational kinetic energy arising from rotational motion.
- Translational kinetic energy related to motion from one location to another.
The kinetic energy of an object is directly proportional to the square of its speed.

Mechanical Energy

Mechanical energy is the sum of potential and kinetic energy.
Defined as the ability to perform work, mechanical energy is influenced by both types of energy.

Power and Its Units

Power measures the rate at which work is done and is quantified in Watts.
One Watt equates to one Joule per second, and one horsepower is approximately 750 Watts.

Forces and Their Classification

External forces include applied force, normal force, tension force, friction force, and air resistance.
Internal forces consist of gravity, magnetic, electrical, and spring forces.

Energy Transfer and Consistency

Positive work increases an object's energy while negative work results in energy loss. Energy changes can manifest as alterations in potential or kinetic energy.
External forces can change the total mechanical energy, whereas internal forces maintain it.
Nonconservative forces are categorized under external forces, and work done by them can affect energy forms.
When only internal forces perform net work, mechanical energy remains constant.

Direction and Type of Work

Positive work is done when force and displacement align in the same direction, leading to a gain in mechanical energy.
Negative work is characterized by force and displacement in opposite directions, resulting in energy loss.

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Test your understanding of key concepts related to work and forces in physics with these flashcards. Explore definitions like work, theta, and negative work, as well as important units like the joule. This quiz is perfect for reinforcing your physics knowledge.