Physics Chapter on Motion and Displacement
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Questions and Answers

Can an object that has moved a distance have zero displacement?

True

What is the magnitude of the displacement of a farmer walking along the boundary of a square field with a side length of 10 meters, after 2 minutes and 20 seconds?

10√2 meters

Which of these statements is true about displacement?

  • It cannot be zero.
  • Its magnitude is always less than or equal to the distance travelled by the object. (correct)
  • Its magnitude is always greater than or equal to the distance travelled by the object.

    • The [BLANK] is a device that measures the total distance traveled by a vehicle.

    <p>odometer</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following conditions is needed for the magnitude of the average velocity of an object to be equal to its average speed?

    <p>The total distance travelled by the object must be equal to the displacement.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    An object moving with a uniform motion can have a curved path.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the distance of a spaceship from a ground station if a signal from the spaceship reaches the ground station in 5 minutes, and the signal travels at the speed of light (3 x 10⁸ meters per second)?

    <p>9 x 10¹⁰ meters</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When is the acceleration of an object said to be uniform?

    <p>When the velocity changes by equal amounts in equal intervals of time.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    A bus decreases its speed from 80 km/h to 60 km/h in 5 seconds. What is the acceleration of the bus?

    <p>-1.11 m/s²</p> Signup and view all the answers

    A train starting from rest on a railway station attains a speed of 40 km/h in 10 minutes. What is the acceleration of the train?

    <p>0.0185 m/s²</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the nature of the distance-time graph for an object in uniform motion?

    <p>A straight line with a constant slope.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    A straight line distance-time graph parallel to the time axis indicates that the object is at rest.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    A straight line speed-time graph parallel to the time axis indicates that the acceleration of the object is zero.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What physical quantity is represented by the area under the velocity-time graph?

    <p>Displacement</p> Signup and view all the answers

    A bus starting from rest accelerates uniformly at 0.1 m/s² for 2 minutes. What is the speed acquired by the bus?

    <p>12 m/s</p> Signup and view all the answers

    A bus starting from rest accelerates uniformly at 0.1 m/s² for 2 minutes. What is the distance traveled by the bus?

    <p>720 m</p> Signup and view all the answers

    A train traveling at 90 km/h applies brakes to produce a uniform acceleration (deceleration) of -0.5 m/s². How far will the train go before it comes to rest?

    <p>625 m</p> Signup and view all the answers

    A trolley accelerates down an inclined plane at a constant rate of 2 cm/s². What will be its velocity after 3 seconds?

    <p>6 cm/s</p> Signup and view all the answers

    A racing car accelerates uniformly at 4 m/s². What distance will it cover in 10 seconds after starting from rest?

    <p>200 m</p> Signup and view all the answers

    A stone is thrown vertically upwards with an initial velocity of 5 m/s. The acceleration due to gravity is 10 m/s² downwards. What is the maximum height attained by the stone?

    <p>1.25 m</p> Signup and view all the answers

    A stone is thrown vertically upwards with an initial velocity of 5 m/s. The acceleration due to gravity is 10 m/s² downwards. How long does it take for the stone to reach its maximum height?

    <p>0.5 s</p> Signup and view all the answers

    An athlete runs one lap of a circular track with a diameter of 200 m in 40 s. What is the distance covered and the displacement of the athlete after 2 minutes and 20 seconds?

    <p>Distance: 2200 m, Displacement: 200 m</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Joseph jogs 300 meters in 2 minutes and 30 seconds from point A to point B. Then, he turns around and jogs 100 meters back to point C in 1 minute. What is Joseph's average speed and average velocity for the entire journey from A to C?

    <p>Average speed: 1.90 m/s, Average velocity: 0.95 m/s</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Abdul drives to school at an average speed of 20 km/h. On the return trip, he travels at 30 km/h. What is Abdul's average speed for the entire round trip?

    <p>24 km/h</p> Signup and view all the answers

    A motorboat starts from rest and accelerates at a constant rate of 3.0 m/s² for 8 seconds. How far does the boat travel during this time?

    <p>96 m</p> Signup and view all the answers

    A car traveling at a constant speed but changing direction is experiencing acceleration.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    An artificial satellite orbits the earth in a circular path with a radius of 42250 km. It completes one orbit in 24 hours. What is the speed of the satellite?

    <p>3.07 km/s</p> Signup and view all the answers

    If a distance-time graph shows three objects, and the lines representing them never intersect, it means that all three objects are at the same point on the road at some point in time.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which part of a speed-time graph represents uniform motion of the car?

    <p>The part of the graph which forms a straight line parallel to the time axis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    An object can have a constant acceleration and zero velocity.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    An object moving with a uniform speed can have a non-uniform acceleration.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    An object can have a constant acceleration while moving in a certain direction with a perpendicular acceleration.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following terms with their correct definitions:

    <p>Scalar Quantity = A quantity that has both magnitude and direction Vector Quantity = A quantity that has only magnitude Displacement = The change in position of an object Distance = The total path length travelled by an object Speed = The rate of change of position Velocity = The rate of change of displacement Acceleration = The rate of change of velocity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Motion in a Circular Path

    • An object moving in a circular path can have zero displacement if it returns to its original position.
    • The distance traveled is the circumference of the circle, but displacement is zero.

    Magnitude of Displacement

    • The magnitude of displacement can never be greater than the total distance traveled.
    • It can be equal to or less than the total distance traveled.

    Speed vs Velocity

    • Speed is the distance traveled in a unit of time, a scalar quantity. Speed does not depend on the direction. Speed can only be positive or zero.
    • Velocity is the speed in a given direction, a vector quantity. Velocity can be positive, negative, or zero. Velocity changes with a change in direction.

    Uniform Acceleration

    • A body is in uniform acceleration if its velocity changes by equal amounts in equal time intervals.
    • A free-fall motion of an object is an example of uniform acceleration.

    Non-uniform Acceleration

    • A body is in non-uniform acceleration if its velocity changes by unequal amounts in equal time intervals.
    • A car accelerating along a straight road in unequal intervals of time is an example of non-uniform acceleration.

    Odometer

    • An odometer measures the total distance traveled by an automobile.

    Uniform Motion

    • Uniform motion is when an object covers equal distances in equal intervals of time.
    • The path of an object can be straight or curved.

    Distance-Time Graphs

    • Uniform motion: The graph is a straight line with a constant slope. The slope of the line equals the speed of the object.
    • Non-uniform motion: The graph is a curved line.

    Speed-Time Graphs

    • A straight line parallel to the time axis in a speed-time graph means the speed of the object is constant and acceleration is zero.

    Area Under Velocity-Time Graph

    • The area under a velocity-time graph represents the total distance traveled by an object over a given time period.

    Equations of Motion

    • v = u + at (Velocity = initial velocity + (acceleration x time))
    • s = ut + 1/2 at² (Distance = (initial velocity x time) + (0.5 x acceleration x time²))

    Acceleration of a Bus

    • Given initial speed (u), final speed (v), and time (t), acceleration (a) can be calculated using the equation: v = u + at.

    Distance Traveled by Train

    • Given initial speed (u), final speed (v), and acceleration (a), distance (s) traveled by a train before coming to rest can be calculated using the equation: v² = u² +2as.

    Velocity of Trolley

    • Given initial velocity (u), acceleration (a), and time (t), the final velocity (v) of a trolley can be calculated: v = u + at.

    Distance Traveled by a Racing Car

    • Given initial velocity (u), acceleration (a), and time (t), the distance (s) traveled by a racing car can be calculated using the equation: s = ut + 1/2at².

    Height Attained by a Stone

    • Given initial velocity (u), acceleration (a), and final velocity (v), the maximum height (s) can be calculated using the equation: v² = u² + 2as.

    Circular Track

    • The circumference of the circular track(c) is calculated as c = πd or c = 2πr, where d is the diameter and r is the radius
    • The distance travelled can be calculated by multiplying the athlete's speed and time
    • The displacement is equal to the diameter of the circular track

    Average Speed and Velocity

    • If the total distance travelled is equal to the magnitude of the displacement then the average speed and average velocity can be calculated.

      Average speed = total distance/total time Average velocity = total displacement/total time

    Average Speed of Travel

    • To calculate the average speed for a round trip, the total distance traveled is divided by the total time taken for the complete trip and return trip

    Distance – Time Graphs and Speed

    • The gradient(slope) of a distance-time graph represents the speed of the object. The steeper the graph, the faster the object is moving

    Situations Involving Acceleration and Uniform Speed

    • An object in uniform circular motion has constant speed but variable velocity and therefore constantly changing acceleration.
    • An object thrown upwards (under gravity only) is an example of an object having constant negative acceleration, with zero velocity for a moment at its highest point.

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    Description

    Explore the principles of motion in a circular path, displacement, and the difference between speed and velocity. This quiz will test your understanding of uniform and non-uniform acceleration through a series of questions. Brush up on key concepts that are essential for mastering physics.

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