Physics Chapter 13 Assessment Flashcards

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Questions and Answers

What does Chapter 13 refer to?

Chapter 13

A resting object exerts pressure equal to what?

its weight divided by its contact area

Compared to the pressure exerted by a brick standing on its end, the pressure exerted by a brick resting on its side is?

less

The amount of water pressure you experience while swimming in a pool depends on?

how deep you are in the water Signup and view all the answers

What happens to air pressure as the altitude increases?

The air pressure decreases Signup and view all the answers

What did Pascal discover about changes in pressure?

are transmitted equally throughout a fluid Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is not true about Bernoulli's principle?

The pressure within a moving fluid is greater than the pressure within a nonmoving fluid Signup and view all the answers

The buoyant force acting on a submerged object is equal to?

the weight of the fluid displaced by the object Signup and view all the answers

A partially submerged object floats when?

the object's weight is equal to the buoyant force Signup and view all the answers

A submarine changes depth by altering its?

density Signup and view all the answers

Explain why you don't feel the more than 1000 Newtons of force exerted by the atmosphere on your head.

The inside of your head exerts pressure in the opposite direction of the air so the two opposing forces cancel out Signup and view all the answers

Explain how lift works with an airplane.

The air above the plane is moving faster than the air below the plane. Bernoulli's Principle states that the faster air has a lower pressure and the slower air has a greater pressure. Since the bottom air pressure is greater it pushes up against the plane causing it to stay in the air Signup and view all the answers

What is lift?

the upward force caused by differences in pressure that holds objects in the air Signup and view all the answers

What is a fluid?

a substance or mixture that flows and has no shape of its own Signup and view all the answers

What is Pascal in terms of pressure?

the SI unit for pressure Signup and view all the answers

What is pressure?

the result of a force distributed over an area Signup and view all the answers

What is buoyancy?

the ability of a fluid to exert an upward force on an object placed on it Signup and view all the answers

What is buoyant force?

an upward force acting on an object in a fluid Signup and view all the answers

What is a hydraulic system?

a device that uses a pressurized fluid acting on pistons of different sizes to increase force Signup and view all the answers

What is Archimedes' principle?

the principle that the buoyant force is equal to the weight of the fluid displaced by the object Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Pressure and Forces

An object at rest exerts pressure determined by its weight divided by the contact area.
A brick standing on its end exerts more pressure compared to when it's resting on its side due to a smaller contact area.
Water pressure experienced while swimming increases with depth.

Air Pressure and Altitude

Air pressure decreases as altitude increases; this is significant for various weather patterns and aviation.

Pascal's Principle

Pascal established that pressure changes are transmitted uniformly throughout a fluid, which is foundational in fluid mechanics.

Bernoulli’s Principle

Contrary to common belief, the pressure in a moving fluid is lower than in a non-moving fluid, which underpins aerodynamic lift.

Buoyant Force

The buoyant force on a submerged object is equal to the weight of the fluid it displaces.
A partially submerged object will float when its weight matches the buoyant force.

Submarine Operations

Submarines adjust their depth by changing density, allowing them to rise or sink in water.

Atmospheric Pressure

Despite the atmosphere exerting substantial force (over 1000 Newtons), the pressure inside the body opposes it, leading to a balance that is why external pressure isn’t felt.

Lift and Flight Mechanics

Airplane lift occurs because the air pressure above the wing is lower (due to faster airspeed) than below, creating an upward force that counteracts gravity.

Key Definitions

Lift: An upward force driven by pressure differences.
Fluid: A substance that can flow without a fixed shape.
Pascal: The standard SI unit of pressure.
Pressure: Force applied per unit area.
Buoyancy: A fluid’s capacity to exert an upward force on immersed objects.
Buoyant Force: An upward force acting on an object submerged in a fluid.
Hydraulic System: A system using pressurized fluid to amplify force using pistons of different sizes.
Archimedes' Principle: States that the buoyant force is equivalent to the weight of the fluid displaced by an object.

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Description

Test your knowledge with these flashcards on Chapter 13 concepts in physics. This quiz covers key terms and principles related to pressure, including how it varies with contact area and orientation of objects. Perfect for reviewing before your next exam!