Questions and Answers
Which of the following physical properties is characteristic of metals?
What is a characteristic of non-metals?
Which metal is an exception to the general rule that metals have high melting and boiling points?
What is a characteristic of metals that is not typically found in non-metals?
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Which non-metal is an exception to the general rule that non-metals have low density?
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What is a physical property of metals that is related to their ability to produce a ringing sound when struck?
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Study Notes
Physical Properties of Metals
Characteristics:
- Luster: Metals have a shiny appearance
- Malleability: Metals can be pounded into different shapes without breaking
- Ductility: Metals can be stretched into thin wires without breaking
- Conductivity: Metals are good conductors of heat and electricity
- High Density: Metals are generally dense, meaning they have a high mass per unit volume
- High Melting and Boiling Points: Metals have high melting and boiling points, indicating strong bonds between atoms
- Sonorous: Metals produce a ringing sound when struck
Exceptions:
- Mercury is a liquid at room temperature, despite being a metal
- Some metals, like alkali metals, have low melting and boiling points
Physical Properties of Non-Metals
Characteristics:
- Dull Appearance: Non-metals often have a dull appearance
- Brittleness: Non-metals are brittle and break easily when subjected to pressure
- Poor Conductivity: Non-metals are poor conductors of heat and electricity
- Low Density: Non-metals are generally less dense than metals
- Low Melting and Boiling Points: Non-metals have low melting and boiling points, indicating weak bonds between atoms
- Non-Sonorous: Non-metals do not produce a ringing sound when struck
Exceptions:
- Carbon, in its diamond form, has a high density and is extremely hard
- Some non-metals, like iodine, have a shiny appearance
Physical Properties of Metals
- Metals have a shiny appearance due to their luster.
- They can be pounded into different shapes without breaking, exhibiting malleability.
- Metals can be stretched into thin wires without breaking, demonstrating ductility.
- They are good conductors of heat and electricity, making them suitable for various applications.
- Metals have a high mass per unit volume, giving them a high density.
- They have high melting and boiling points, indicating strong bonds between atoms.
- When struck, metals produce a ringing sound, known as sonorous.
Exceptions in Metals
- Mercury is a liquid at room temperature, unlike other metals.
- Alkali metals have low melting and boiling points, contrary to the typical metal characteristics.
Physical Properties of Non-Metals
- Non-metals often have a dull appearance, lacking luster.
- They are brittle and break easily when subjected to pressure.
- Non-metals are poor conductors of heat and electricity, making them less suitable for certain applications.
- They have a lower mass per unit volume, resulting in a lower density.
- Non-metals have low melting and boiling points, indicating weak bonds between atoms.
- When struck, non-metals do not produce a ringing sound, lacking sonorousness.
Exceptions in Non-Metals
- Diamond, a form of carbon, has a high density and is extremely hard.
- Iodine, a non-metal, has a shiny appearance, unlike other non-metals.
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Description
This quiz covers the characteristics of metals, including their luster, malleability, ductility, conductivity, density, and melting and boiling points.
