Physical Properties of Metals and Non-Metals Quiz

Study Notes

Metals:

Non-Metals:

Metals:

Non-Metals:

Metals:

Non-Metals:

Metals are typically shiny and lustrous, with a high density and high melting and boiling points.
They are good conductors of electricity and heat, and can be shaped into thin sheets (malleable) and stretched into thin wires (ductile).
Metals also produce a ringing sound when hit, known as sonorous.
Non-metals, on the other hand, are dull and brittle, with a low density and low melting and boiling points.
They are poor conductors of electricity and heat, and cannot be shaped or stretched like metals.
Non-metals do not produce a ringing sound when hit.

Metals react with acids to produce hydrogen gas, and with oxygen to produce metal oxides.
They can displace hydrogen from acids and can be oxidized, meaning they lose electrons.
Metals can also undergo combustion reactions.
Non-metals do not react with acids to produce hydrogen gas, and do not react with oxygen to produce non-metal oxides.
They cannot displace hydrogen from acids and cannot be oxidized.
Non-metals can undergo combustion reactions, but they tend to gain electrons instead of losing them.

Alkali metals, such as sodium and potassium, are highly reactive.
Alkaline earth metals, such as magnesium and calcium, are less reactive than alkali metals.
Transition metals, such as iron and copper, can form ions with different charges.
Lanthanides and actinides are two series of metals with unique properties.

Noble gases, such as helium and neon, are unreactive and do not readily form compounds.
Halogens, such as chlorine and iodine, are highly reactive and tend to gain electrons.
Chalcogens, such as oxygen and sulfur, are important components of many biomolecules.
Carbon and its allotropes, such as diamond and graphite, have unique properties and uses.
Nitrogen and phosphorus are important elements in biomolecules and react differently with other elements.