Physical Fitness Overview

Physical Fitness

• Physical fitness is the body's ability to function effectively and efficiently.
• It has two main components: health-related fitness and skill-related fitness, with eleven subparts altogether.
• Physical fitness benefits include improved work performance, enjoyment of leisure activities, disease prevention, and enhanced emergency response.

Health-Related Fitness

• It relates to an individual's ability to perform daily activities without excessive fatigue and minimize the risk of developing health issues associated with a sedentary lifestyle.
• Components of health-related fitness:
  • Body composition
  • Muscular strength
  • Muscular endurance
  • Flexibility
  • Cardiorespiratory fitness

Body Composition

• Refers to the proportion of fat, muscle, bone, and water in the body.
• Methods to determine body composition include:
  • Body mass index (BMI) calculation
  • Skinfold tests
  • Bioelectrical Impedance Analysis (BIA)

Flexibility

• Represents the range of motion at a joint.
• Each joint has a unique flexibility level.
• There is no standardized test for flexibility, unlike for cardiorespiratory fitness.

Cardiorespiratory Fitness

• Represents the body's ability to deliver oxygen efficiently during prolonged physical exertion.
• Also known as cardiovascular endurance, cardiorespiratory fitness, and aerobic fitness.

Muscular Strength

• Refers to a muscle's ability to produce force.
• Muscular strength is specific to the muscle being used.

Muscular Endurance

• The ability to sustain muscle contraction, or a group of muscles, against resistance (e.g., weights or bodyweight) over time.

Skill-Related Fitness

• Encompasses six components primarily related to athletic and motor skill performance.
• Components of skill-related fitness:
  • Agility
  • Speed
  • Balance
  • Coordination
  • Power
  • Reaction Time