Podcast
Questions and Answers
What is the primary role of platinum in car catalytic converters?
What is the primary role of platinum in car catalytic converters?
Which of the following metals undergoes rapid oxidation when scratched?
Which of the following metals undergoes rapid oxidation when scratched?
What is the product of the reaction between calcium and oxygen?
What is the product of the reaction between calcium and oxygen?
What is the minimum requirement for iron to rust?
What is the minimum requirement for iron to rust?
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What is the purpose of coating iron with paint or plastic?
What is the purpose of coating iron with paint or plastic?
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What is the term for the corrosion of iron?
What is the term for the corrosion of iron?
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What is the primary characteristic of the chemical properties of metals?
What is the primary characteristic of the chemical properties of metals?
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What is the correct ending of the non-metal when naming a compound?
What is the correct ending of the non-metal when naming a compound?
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Which of the following metals is reactive?
Which of the following metals is reactive?
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What is the primary reason copper is used in electrical wires?
What is the primary reason copper is used in electrical wires?
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What is the term for metals that speed up chemical reactions without being used up themselves?
What is the term for metals that speed up chemical reactions without being used up themselves?
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What is the primary characteristic of non-metals?
What is the primary characteristic of non-metals?
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Study Notes
Catalysts and Their Uses
- Platinum is used in catalytic converters in cars to speed up chemical reactions.
- Palladium (Pd) is used as a catalyst, reacting with oxygen to prevent corrosion.
Corrosion and Oxidation of Metals
- Corrosion is a reaction between metals and oxygen, resulting in the formation of metal oxides.
- The reaction of metals with oxygen forms metal oxides: Pt (Platinum), Rh (Rhodium), and more.
- Oxidation reactions involve the loss of electrons, resulting in the formation of a new compound.
- Examples of oxidation reactions: calcium + oxygen → calcium oxide, zinc + oxygen → zinc oxide.
Rusting of Iron
- The corrosion of iron is called rusting.
- Rusting destroys iron and steel structures because rust is weak and crumbly.
- Water and oxygen must be present for iron to rust: iron + water + oxygen → iron hydroxide.
- Coating the iron with paint, plastic, etc. acts as a barrier to oxygen and water, stopping iron rusting.
Physical Properties of Metals
- Metals are good conductors of heat and electricity.
- Metals are shiny, strong solids with a high melting point (except for mercury).
- Metals are flexible and malleable.
- Metals are sonorous, making a sound when hit.
Chemical Properties of Metals
- Metals react with non-metals: calcium + chlorine → calcium chloride.
- Metals react with air (oxygen), water, and acids.
- Some metals are reactive (e.g., calcium), while others are unreactive (e.g., gold).
Uses of Metals
- Metals have many uses depending on their different properties.
- Examples of metal uses: copper in electrical wires (flexible and good conductor) and roof sheets (malleable and resistant to water).
Metals as Catalysts
- Some metals act as catalysts, speeding up chemical reactions without being used up themselves.
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Description
Test your understanding of the characteristics of metals and non-metals, including their physical and chemical properties. Learn about their conductivity, melting points, and more. Identify the key differences between metals and non-metals.
