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Questions and Answers
What is the overall equation for photosynthesis?
6 CO2 + 6 H2O + light energy → C6H12O6 (glucose) + 6 O2
Where do the light-dependent reactions of photosynthesis occur?
Thylakoid membranes of the chloroplast
What is the role of ATP and NADPH in the Calvin Cycle?
To convert CO2 into glucose
What is the effect of excessive light intensity on photosynthesis?
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What is the optimal temperature range for photosynthesis in most plants?
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How does drought affect photosynthesis?
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What is the term for the increase in photosynthesis resulting from elevated CO2 concentrations?
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What is the role of RuBP in the Calvin Cycle?
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Study Notes
Photosynthesis
Definition
- Process by which plants, algae, and some bacteria convert light energy from the sun into chemical energy in the form of organic compounds, such as glucose
Overall Equation
- 6 CO2 + 6 H2O + light energy → C6H12O6 (glucose) + 6 O2
Light-Dependent Reactions
- Occur in the thylakoid membranes of the chloroplast
- Light energy is absorbed by pigments such as chlorophyll and converted into ATP and NADPH
- Water is oxidized to produce oxygen and hydrogen ions
Light-Independent Reactions (Calvin Cycle)
- Occur in the stroma of the chloroplast
- ATP and NADPH produced in the light-dependent reactions are used to convert CO2 into glucose
- Regeneration of RuBP (ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate) is necessary for the cycle to continue
Factors Affecting Photosynthesis
- Light intensity: increasing light intensity can increase photosynthesis, but excessive light can lead to photoinhibition
- Temperature: optimal temperature range for photosynthesis varies among plants, but is generally between 20-30°C
- Water availability: drought can limit photosynthesis, while excessive water can lead to waterlogged soil and reduced photosynthesis
- CO2 concentration: increasing CO2 concentration can increase photosynthesis, known as CO2 fertilization
Photosynthesis
Definition and Equation
- Photosynthesis is the process by which plants, algae, and some bacteria convert light energy into chemical energy in the form of organic compounds, such as glucose.
- The overall equation for photosynthesis is: 6 CO2 + 6 H2O + light energy → C6H12O6 (glucose) + 6 O2.
Light-Dependent Reactions
- Light-dependent reactions occur in the thylakoid membranes of the chloroplast.
- In these reactions, light energy is absorbed by pigments such as chlorophyll and converted into ATP and NADPH.
- Water is oxidized to produce oxygen and hydrogen ions.
Light-Independent Reactions (Calvin Cycle)
- Light-independent reactions occur in the stroma of the chloroplast.
- ATP and NADPH produced in the light-dependent reactions are used to convert CO2 into glucose.
- The regeneration of RuBP (ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate) is necessary for the cycle to continue.
Factors Affecting Photosynthesis
- Light intensity: Increasing light intensity can increase photosynthesis, but excessive light can lead to photoinhibition.
- Temperature: The optimal temperature range for photosynthesis varies among plants, but is generally between 20-30°C.
- Water availability: Drought can limit photosynthesis, while excessive water can lead to waterlogged soil and reduced photosynthesis.
- CO2 concentration: Increasing CO2 concentration can increase photosynthesis, known as CO2 fertilization.
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Description
Quiz about the process of photosynthesis, including the overall equation and light-dependent reactions. Covering how plants, algae, and bacteria convert light energy into chemical energy.
