Questions and Answers
What is adenosine triphosphate (ATP)?
What is the role of ATP synthase?
A cluster of proteins that span the cell membrane and allow hydrogen ions (H+) to pass through it.
Define an autotroph.
An organism that is able to capture energy from sunlight or chemicals and use it to produce its own food from inorganic compounds.
What is another name for the Calvin cycle?
Signup and view all the answers
What is chlorophyll?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the electron transport chain?
Signup and view all the answers
Define a heterotroph.
Signup and view all the answers
What do light-dependent reactions produce?
Signup and view all the answers
What are light-independent reactions also called?
Signup and view all the answers
What is NADP+?
Signup and view all the answers
What is a pigment?
Signup and view all the answers
What is photosynthesis?
Signup and view all the answers
What is a photosystem?
Signup and view all the answers
Define stroma.
Signup and view all the answers
What are thylakoids?
Signup and view all the answers
Study Notes
Photosynthesis Vocabulary
-
Adenosine triphosphate (ATP)
- Energy-storing compound used by cells for various functions
-
ATP synthase
- Protein complex that facilitates the passage of hydrogen ions (H+) through the cell membrane, critical for ATP production
-
Autotroph
- Organisms that produce their own food from sunlight or chemicals, classified as producers within ecological systems
-
Calvin cycle
- Refers to light-independent reactions where carbohydrates are synthesized from atmospheric carbon dioxide
-
Chlorophyll
- The primary pigment in plants and photosynthetic organisms, essential for capturing light energy
-
Electron transport chain
- A sequence of proteins involved in transferring high-energy electrons, essential for ATP synthesis during cellular respiration
-
Heterotroph
- Organisms that acquire energy by consuming other organisms, known as consumers in food webs
-
Light-dependent reactions
- Reactions that capture sunlight to produce oxygen, converting ADP and NADP+ into energy carriers ATP and NADPH
-
Light-independent reactions
- Reactions that do not utilize light directly; they utilize ATP and NADPH to form glucose and other high-energy compounds
-
NADP+
- A carrier molecule that transports high-energy electrons from chlorophyll to various biochemical pathways
-
Pigment
- Molecules that absorb light, enabling plants to capture solar energy for photosynthesis
-
Photosynthesis
- Process by which autotrophs like plants convert light energy into chemical energy, transforming carbon dioxide and water into oxygen and carbohydrates
-
Photosystem
- Complex of chlorophyll and proteins found in thylakoids, crucial for the initial stages of light-dependent reactions
-
Stroma
- The fluid matrix surrounding thylakoids in chloroplasts, site of light-independent reactions
-
Thylakoid
- Membrane structures within chloroplasts that house the machinery for photosynthesis, specifically light-dependent reactions
Studying That Suits You
Use AI to generate personalized quizzes and flashcards to suit your learning preferences.
Description
Test your knowledge with this flashcard quiz on the key vocabulary of Chapter 8: Photosynthesis. Each term is crucial for understanding how organisms produce energy. Whether you're studying for a test or just brushing up, these flashcards cover essential concepts.